Cylinder Head Air Plenum for Combustion Engine Intake

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing internal combustion engines face challenges with flow losses and reduced cylinder filling due to the length and complexity of intake manifolds, particularly in supercharged engines, which leads to poor engine performance and increased space requirements.

Innovation Solution

An internal combustion engine design featuring an air plenum directly integrated onto the cylinder head, eliminating individual air lines and utilizing the space between them, with a pressure generating device and a single circumferential seal for optimized airflow and reduced parts, enhancing airflow efficiency and space utilization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If individual air lines are used to supply air to intake ports, then air distribution can be controlled, but flow losses increase and cylinder filling decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair distribution controlVSAvoidflow losses
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the individual air lines into a single common air line that supplies all intake ports. This eliminates multiple separate connections and reduces flow losses while maintaining adequate air distribution to all cylinders through the common supply path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The air plenum is positioned in the radial direction between the air collector and the intake ports, creating a new spatial dimension for air distribution. This radial arrangement shortens the flow path and reduces the number of bends, thereby minimizing flow losses while still enabling controlled air distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Ease of operation

If a large intake manifold volume is used to equalize pressure fluctuations, then air distribution improves, but installation space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair distribution uniformityVSAvoidinstallation space
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The air plenum is arranged radially between the air collector and intake ports, utilizing the radial space that would otherwise be unused. This dimensional repositioning provides sufficient volume for pressure equalization without increasing the overall footprint of the intake system in the axial direction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The air plenum is nested within the existing intake manifold structure, specifically positioned in the radial direction between the air collector and intake ports. This nested arrangement utilizes available space efficiently, providing the necessary volume for air distribution without adding external bulk to the system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Reliability

If multiple individual lines with seals are used, then air supply to each cylinder is ensured, but device complexity and assembly difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair supply assuranceVSAvoidnumber of seals and connections
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple individual air line connections into a single common air line with one air plenum. This merging reduces the number of seals and connections from multiple individual line-seal interfaces to a single integrated connection point, thereby simplifying the device while maintaining reliable air supply to all cylinders.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The air distribution function is segmented between the common air line for bulk supply and the individual intake ports for final distribution. This segmentation allows a single simplified connection to serve multiple cylinders, reducing assembly complexity while ensuring each cylinder receives adequate air through its dedicated intake port.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Quantity of substance

If the main pipe protrudes far from the engine block, then air intake capacity increases, but package space is compromised and flow losses occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair intake capacityVSAvoidpackage space
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The air plenum is positioned radially between the air collector and intake ports rather than extending axially from the engine block. This radial arrangement in a different dimension maintains adequate air intake capacity while avoiding package space conflicts with steering components and other radial-clearance-critical areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The air plenum is nested within the radial space between the air collector and intake ports, utilizing the existing spatial envelope rather than protruding externally. This nested configuration preserves air intake capacity while avoiding interference with surrounding package components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design minimizes flow resistance, reduces space requirements, and improves cylinder filling, leading to enhanced engine performance while simplifying assembly and reducing parts and weight.

Implementation Method 1

The outlet of the plenum is located at the inlet openings of the inlet channels, through which air from the outlet of the plenum can flow directly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow resistance minimization:

Implementation Method 2

The internal combustion engine can be provided in its intake tract in the flow direction of the air in front of the air collector, a pressure generating device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure generation: Pressure Increase

Data Source

PatentEP2711533B1Combustion engine
Publication Date: 2019.01.23 BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AG
  • EP2711533B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2711533B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The internal combustion engine (10) has an engine block (12) with a cylinder head (11) that is provided in the intake channels (15). The air from the inlet openings (15a) is conducted to outlet openings (15b) of the cylinder head. The air is flown in a flow direction from the inlet openings through the inlet channel to the outlet openings. An air collector (20) is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and is arranged directly on the cylinder head. The outlet is configured to enclose several inlet openings.