Cytochrome c Immunoassay Buffer pH Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for measuring cytochrome c in body fluids, such as blood, lack accuracy due to interference from highly acidic proteins, which affect the binding of cytochrome c with antibodies, leading to unreliable quantification.
Innovation Solution
An immunochemical method involving a buffer solution with a pH range of 3.5 to 5.0 is used to react cytochrome c with anti-cytochrome c antibodies, reducing the influence of interference substances like α1-acid glycoprotein and α1-antitrypsin, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional measurement methods are used to measure cytochrome c in body fluid, then the measurement process is simple, but the measurement accuracy is low due to interference from highly acidic proteins
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the pH parameter of the buffer solution to an acidic range (pH 3.5-5.0) to eliminate interference from highly acidic proteins in the sample. This parameter change allows the measurement to proceed accurately despite the presence of interfering substances, resolving the contradiction between measurement accuracy and process simplicity.
2Measurement precision
If the pH of the buffer solution is adjusted to an acidic range, then the measurement accuracy is improved, but the reaction conditions become more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies an optimized pH range (3.5-5.0) that balances the need to suppress highly acidic protein interference while maintaining sufficient antibody-antigen binding efficiency. This parameter optimization resolves the contradiction by finding the optimal operating point that achieves high accuracy without excessive operational complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for reliable and sensitive quantification of cytochrome c, achieving a recovery rate of 70% or higher, enabling accurate detection of 10 ng/mL or lower concentrations, thus improving the reliability of cytochrome c measurement in body fluids.
Implementation Method 1
reacting an antibody and cytochrome c in a buffer solution in an acidic range
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
An immunochemical method for the accurate measurement of the quantity of cytochrome c in a body fluid, in particular, blood, and a kit for the measurement. The quantity of cytochrome c can be measured accurately without being affected by any interfering substrate by reacting an antibody with cytochrome c in a buffer solution in an acidic range.