D-allose Preservative Solution for Extended Organ Viability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current organ preservation solutions, such as the University of Wisconsin solution, have limitations in extending the preservation time of organs like kidneys, livers, and hearts due to ischemic damage and oxidative stress, and existing preservatives like trehalose and EPC-K face challenges in formulation and solubility, making them unsuitable for long-term preservation.
Innovation Solution
A preservative solution containing the rare sugar D-allose is developed, which improves the preservation of animal and human organs and tissues by low-temperature preservation from -5 to 20°C and down to -196°C, enhancing the survival rate and functional integrity of cells, including sperm and ovum, by inhibiting oxidative stress and ischemic damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If low temperature preservation is conducted using conventional solutions (EuroCollins, UW solution), then preservation time is extended to 4-48 hours, but cell membrane damage occurs due to ischemic disorder and oxidative stress, limiting further extension
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the preservative solution by incorporating rare sugars (D-allose, D-psicose, D-tagatose) at specific concentrations (5-500 mM), along with antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione) and metabolic substrates (pyruvate, lactate, acetate). This chemical parameter modification protects cell membranes from ischemic damage and oxidative stress, enabling preservation time extension beyond 48 hours while maintaining cell viability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite preservative solution formulation that combines multiple protective components: rare sugars for membrane stabilization, antioxidants for oxidative stress protection, metabolic substrates for energy maintenance, and electrolytes for osmotic balance. This multi-component composite approach synergistically addresses both ischemic disorder and oxidative stress, resolving the contradiction between extended preservation time and cell membrane integrity.
2Reliability
If existing preservative agents (trehalose, EPC-K) are used, then some protective effect is achieved, but formulation stability and solubility problems prevent their effective use for long-term preservation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent selects rare sugars with specific molecular properties (D-allose, D-psicose, D-tagatose) that possess optimal solubility and chemical stability parameters. These sugars can be formulated at concentrations of 5-500 mM in aqueous solutions without precipitation or degradation, unlike trehalose and EPC-K which have limited solubility and stability. This parameter optimization enables reliable long-term preservation while maintaining formulation stability.
3Loss of time
If transportation time is reduced by using helicopters or jets, then preservation time requirement is decreased, but this method is limited by availability and cost, and donors are often far from recipients
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of relying on extreme rapid transportation (helicopter/jet) for all cases, the patent develops a preservative solution that provides sufficient protection for extended preservation periods (beyond 48 hours). This partial approach using conventional transportation methods combined with enhanced preservative formulation makes organ transplantation feasible for distant locations without requiring expensive and limited rapid transport resources, thereby improving adaptability and accessibility.
4Duration of action of stationary object
If UW solution is used for preservation, then preservation time can reach 24-48 hours, but the solution is unstable as a pharmaceutical preparation and requires low temperature storage after formulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the pharmaceutical stability parameters by selecting rare sugars and antioxidants with enhanced chemical stability profiles. D-allose, D-psicose, and D-tagatose exhibit greater stability at ambient temperatures compared to conventional preservative components. Combined with stable antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione) and buffered electrolyte systems, this formulation maintains both extended preservation capability (beyond 48 hours) and pharmaceutical stability without requiring stringent low temperature storage after formulation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The D-allose-based solution effectively prolongs the preservation time of organs and cells, maintaining their functional integrity and viability, even at extreme temperatures, and shows promise in reducing rejection and dysfunction post-transplantation.
Implementation Method 1
a rare sugar D-allose... by inhibiting oxidative stress and ischemic damage
Implementation Method 2
by inhibiting oxidative stress and ischemic damage
Data Source
AI summary
A preservative solution for low temperature preservation of animal or human organs and animal or plant tissues or cells contains D-allose. For the human kidney, cells derived from animals or humans, or human or animal sperm and/or ovum and/or fermented ovum, the preservation is conducted at from −5 to 20° C. For cells derived from animals or humans, or human or animal sperm and/or ovum and/or fermented ovum, the preservation is conducted at a temperature at which to start freezing to −196° C. A method for the low temperature preservation of an animal or human organ and an animal or plant tissue or cell at a low temperature comprises (a) refluxing or immersing a preservative solution containing D-allose and the organ or the tissue or mixing the cell therewith, and (b) cooling the organ, the tissue or the cell to a low temperature of from −5 to 20° C.