D2D Traffic Routing via Base Station Relay for Shadowing
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Solution Overview
Problem
In mobile telecommunications systems, especially in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications face challenges due to obstacles that obstruct line of sight between vehicles, leading to unreliable direct device-to-device (D2D) communication, which can compromise safety and traffic flow.
Innovation Solution
A method is implemented where mobile communications devices estimate shadowing caused by obstacles and instruct vehicles to route at least part of their device-to-device traffic through a base station instead of direct sidelink communication, ensuring continuous and reliable communication by leveraging existing infrastructure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If direct device-to-device (sidelink) communication is used between vehicles, then communication speed and efficiency are improved, but communication reliability deteriorates when obstacles obstruct the line of sight
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic routing that automatically switches between direct sidelink communication and base station relay communication based on real-time link quality assessment. When obstacles cause shadowing and degrade the sidelink, the system dynamically transitions to relay mode, and when the sidelink quality improves, it switches back to direct mode. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction by allowing the system to achieve high speed when possible while ensuring reliability when obstacles are present.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station serves as an intermediary relay node that vehicles can use to communicate indirectly when direct sidelink communication is blocked by obstacles. The patent enables vehicles to route traffic through the base station (via uplink and downlink) when the direct path is shadowed, thus maintaining communication reliability while the base station mediates the transfer of data between the obstructed vehicles.
2Reliability
If device-to-device traffic is routed through a base station, then communication reliability is improved in obstructed areas, but communication efficiency and speed deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically selects the communication path based on real-time conditions, using direct sidelink when available for high efficiency and switching to base station relay only when reliability is compromised by obstacles. This dynamic path selection ensures that the efficiency penalty of relay communication is paid only when necessary, resolving the contradiction between reliability and efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different communication modes to different traffic flows or time periods based on local conditions. Each vehicle pair can use direct sidelink communication when their specific geometric relationship allows good line of sight, while using relay communication only when their specific local conditions (obstacle positions) require it. This localized adaptation optimizes efficiency while ensuring reliability where needed.
3Speed
If vehicles attempt to maintain direct sidelink communication in obstructed areas, then communication speed is maintained, but communication reliability and safety deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors sidelink quality metrics (such as reference signal received power, block error rate, or other link quality indicators) and dynamically adjusts the communication mode in response to detected degradation. When shadowing is detected, the system automatically transitions from direct sidelink to relay communication, ensuring that speed is maintained only when reliability can be ensured, thus resolving the contradiction for safety-critical applications.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of routing communication in a mobile communications system, including a first of mobile communications devices operable to communicate via a wireless interface by routing downlink and/or uplink traffic to a base station and by routing device-to-device traffic directly via a sidelink to at least one other of mobile communications devices. The method includes: estimating, using sidelink discovery reporting information from a second mobile communications device, that the sidelink between the first and second mobile communications devices is experiencing shadowing caused by one or more obstacles; upon estimating that the sidelink between the first and second mobile communications devices is experiencing shadowing, instructing the first and second mobile communications devices to communicate via the base station for at least part of the device-to-device traffic for the first mobile communications device.