Programmable RF Power Amplifier Bias Feedback for Fine Power Steps

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing RF power amplifiers face challenges in achieving precise high-precision power control and maintaining power levels across operational temperature ranges, being sensitive to temperature, manufacturing tolerances, and power supply voltage variations, with difficulty in achieving output power steps smaller than 0.5 dB.

Innovation Solution

A programmable precision power-controlled RF amplifier that operates in a low current and voltage arena, with programmable waveform shaping and an output connected to an inductor and RF matching network, allowing independent power supply operation until the supply voltage falls below a set brown out level, and utilizing bandgap voltage stability for temperature stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If conventional power amplifier control techniques are used, then power control is achieved, but sensitivity to temperature, manufacturing process tolerances and power supply voltage variations occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower controlVSAvoidsensitivity to temperature and power supply variations
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the output power is monitored and fed back to the control circuit. The control circuit adjusts the drive signal to the power amplifier based on the feedback signal to maintain the desired output power level, compensating for variations due to temperature, manufacturing tolerances, and power supply voltage changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The power amplifier system performs self-adjustment through the feedback loop, automatically compensating for its own variations without external intervention. The control circuit continuously monitors output power and modifies operating conditions to maintain stability, enabling the system to service itself against environmental and component variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Ease of operation

If conventional power control methods are used, then power adjustment is possible, but linear power control with steps of 0.5 dB or smaller cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower adjustmentVSAvoidoutput power step size
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit dynamically adjusts the drive signal to the power amplifier in fine increments, enabling precise control of output power. The system transitions from static power settings to dynamic, continuously adjustable power levels with resolution better than 0.5 dB steps through real-time modification of amplifier operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes key operating parameters of the power amplifier, including drive signal amplitude and frequency, to achieve precise power control. By modifying these parameters in small, controlled steps, the system achieves linear power control with resolution finer than 0.5 dB, overcoming the limitations of conventional discrete power adjustment methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If output power is controlled through gate or base drive adjustment, then power control is achieved, but temperature stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower controlVSAvoidtemperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The feedback loop monitors output power and adjusts the drive signal to compensate for temperature-induced variations. As temperature changes affect amplifier characteristics, the feedback mechanism detects resulting output power deviations and modifies drive conditions to maintain stable output, thereby achieving temperature stability while preserving power control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Ease of operation

If bias current or parallel devices are adjusted for power control, then power control is achieved, but linearity of power control deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower controlVSAvoidlinearity of power control
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs dynamic control of the drive signal to achieve linear power adjustment. Rather than relying on static bias current settings or discrete parallel device configurations, the control circuit continuously modifies drive parameters in proportion to the desired power change, enabling linear power control with fine resolution and improved manufacturability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides highly accurate output power with steps less than 0.5 dB, flexibility in meeting bandwidth requirements, and maintains power stability across temperature ranges, ensuring efficient and precise power control.

Implementation Method 1

by attaching the output of the power amplifier to an inductor that is also connected to a power supply and to an RF matching network, the current output from the amplifier generates a voltage across the inductor and thus RF power

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic Induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

temperature stability of the amplifier may be tied to bandgap voltage stability

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBandgap Voltage Reference:

Data Source

PatentEP3633853B1Programmable power amplifier
Publication Date: 2022.07.13 EM MICROELECTRONIC-MARIN
  • EP3633853B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3633853B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4

AI summary

The present invention concerns a programmable power amplifier comprising: an amplifier core transistor circuit connected to an amplifier output node; a switch connected to the amplifier core transistor circuit, the switch being configured to switch on and off the amplifier core transistor circuit; and a feedback circuit of the amplifier core transistor circuit. The feedback circuit comprises a digital-to-analog converter and an operational amplifier having a first input node configured to receive a first reference signal; a second input node connected to the digital-to-analog converter; and an output node for outputting an operational amplifier output signal and connected to the amplifier core transistor circuit for controlling the amount of current flowing in the amplifier core transistor circuit. The digital-to-analog converter has a programmable resistance value for controlling the resistance of the digital-to-analog converter to thereby adjust a digital-to-analog converter output signal fed to the second input node of the operational amplifier for controlling an amplifier output signal at the amplifier output node.