DAG Account-Wise Ledger BFT Verification for Parallel Transaction Processing

The patent changes the fundamental parameters of the consensus mechanism by introducing a proof-of-activity framework that combines cryptographic proofs with activity-based validation. This transitions from energy-intensive POW to a hybrid model where nodes validate transactions based on their operational activity and cryptographic proofs, significantly reducing energy consumption while maintaining reliability through the BFT verification consensus mechanism.

The patent segments the consensus process into distinct phases: transaction validation, proof generation, and verification. By dividing the consensus workflow into manageable segments handled by different node types (full nodes for validation, light nodes for verification), the system achieves faster transaction processing while maintaining reliability through the segmented BFT verification consensus mechanism.

The patent introduces a coordinator node as an intermediary that manages the complex interactions between full nodes and light nodes. This coordinator facilitates the proof-of-activity mechanism, handles cryptographic proofs, and coordinates the verification process, thereby simplifying the overall system architecture while maintaining data immutability through the structured BFT verification consensus mechanism.

The patent implements dynamic access control where permission status can change based on node activity and verification results. Full nodes can become light nodes and vice versa based on their operational performance and the proofs they generate. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to maintain security through permissioned access while improving adaptability by allowing nodes to transition between permission levels based on their behavior.