Dissolved Air Flotation Nozzle for Low-Pressure Microbubble Generation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing nozzles for dissolved air flotation systems are inefficient at generating microbubbles at low pressures and often have complex structures that are difficult to manufacture and maintain, leading to performance variability and reduced efficiency in water treatment processes.
Innovation Solution
A nozzle design featuring a tube-type housing with a nozzle connector and a nozzle body that includes a collision portion, cut portions, side paths, and orifices to change fluid flow direction multiple times, creating turbulence and microbubbles even at low pressures, with a simple structure for easy manufacturing and replacement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If existing nozzles are used to generate microbubbles, then bubble generation is achieved, but microbubble generation efficiency at low pressure is poor and structure is complex
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is divided into multiple functional segments: a body portion with multiple orifices arranged in different directions, and a separate collision plate. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function (fluid discharge in multiple directions and flow collision) while simplifying the overall structure and improving microbubble generation efficiency at low pressure.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the flow direction parameter by discharging fluid through orifices in multiple directions (upward, downward, leftward, rightward) and introducing these flows to collide on the collision plate. This parameter change enables effective microbubble generation at low pressure without requiring complex high-pressure systems.
2Productivity
If high pressure is used to generate microbubbles, then microbubble generation is improved, but energy consumption increases and system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the kinetic energy of flowing water into useful collision energy by directing flows from multiple orifices to collide on the collision plate. This converts what would otherwise be wasted flow energy into the mechanical energy needed for microbubble generation, eliminating the need for high pressure and reducing energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses hydraulic principles by utilizing the kinetic energy of flowing water and creating controlled flow collisions to generate microbubbles. This hydraulic approach replaces the need for high-pressure pneumatic systems, reducing energy consumption while maintaining effective microbubble generation.
3Productivity
If complex nozzle structures are used, then microbubble generation capability is improved, but manufacturing difficulty increases and maintenance becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is segmented into a body portion with simple orifices and a separate collision plate, both of which have simple geometries that are easy to manufacture. This segmentation avoids complex integrated designs while maintaining effective microbubble generation capability through the coordinated function of the segmented components.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using complex structural geometries to achieve flow collision and microbubble generation, the invention changes the approach by using multiple simple orifices discharging in different directions that converge on a collision plate. This parameter change from complex structure to controlled flow direction simplifies manufacturing while maintaining capability.
4Speed
If rapid pressure reduction is used to generate microbubbles, then microbubble generation speed is improved, but turbulence control becomes difficult and floc breaking occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates localized controlled turbulence only at the collision plate where flows from multiple orifices are introduced to collide. This localized turbulence generation achieves rapid microbubble generation speed while avoiding excessive turbulence in the rest of the system that could break flocs, thus improving ease of operation and turbulence control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nozzle effectively generates uniform-sized microbubbles with extended existence time, enhancing contact efficiency between bubbles and flocs, and improving removal efficiency while being easy to manufacture and maintain, reducing costs.
Implementation Method 1
A nozzle design featuring a tube-type housing with a nozzle connector and a nozzle body that includes a collision portion, cut portions, side paths, and orifices to change fluid flow direction multiple times, creating turbulence and microbubbles even at low pressures
Implementation Method 2
When air is dissolved and saturated in treated water and the pressure lowers rapidly, air dissolved in circulating water is discharged as microbubbles
Data Source
AI summary
A nozzle for a dissolved air flotation system includes a housing, a nozzle connector, and a nozzle body. The housing has an inlet formed at one side and an outlet formed at another side. The nozzle connector couples to the inlet and has an inflow path formed in a longitudinal direction. The nozzle body is disposed in the housing, and includes: a collision portion formed at a first end portion of the nozzle body such that a fluid introduced along the inflow path of the nozzle connector 10 changes its flow direction and collides with an inner wall of a side portion of the housing, a plurality of faces formed at sides of the nozzle body, a plurality of side paths defined between the faces and the inner wall of the housing, and a spurt hole defined at a second end portion of the nozzle body.