Nickel-Titanium Dart Needle Resilience
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional darts with finer needles face material durability issues, as they are prone to breaking when made with rigid materials and bending when made with less rigid materials, leading to increased waste and use costs.
Innovation Solution
A high-resilience dart with a nickel-titanium alloy dart needle of 1-1.5 mm diameter, processed through smelting, polishing, rolling, rotary forging, and heat treatment, combining nickel, titanium, chromium, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, to achieve high hardness and resilience, reducing wear and corrosion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If the dart needle diameter is reduced to improve insertion depth and reduce target damage, then the dart needle becomes more flexible and easier to insert, but the dart needle becomes more prone to breaking when made with rigid materials or bending when made with less rigid materials
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameters of the dart needle by using nickel-titanium alloy instead of traditional carbon steel or stainless steel. This alloy composition provides optimal balance between flexibility and strength, allowing the needle to be finer (1-1.5mm diameter) for better insertion while maintaining durability and resistance to breaking or permanent bending.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite material approach by using nickel-titanium alloy, which combines the benefits of both nickel and titanium properties. This composite material structure provides the necessary flexibility for fine needle insertion while simultaneously offering the strength and resilience needed to prevent breaking and enable recovery from bending, thus resolving the contradiction between fineness and durability.
2Strength
If carbon steel with large rigidity is used for the dart needle to ensure strength, then the dart needle can resist breaking, but the dart needle cannot be made finer and is more likely to hit metal screen wires causing rebound
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameters by selecting nickel-titanium alloy with specific compositional ranges (nickel: 48-55%, titanium: 43.5-50%, chromium: 0.8-1.5%, carbon: 0.005-0.01%). This material provides the right balance of strength and flexibility, enabling finer needle diameters (1-1.5mm) that are less likely to hit metal screen wires while maintaining sufficient strength to resist breaking upon impact.
3Manufacturing precision
If a finer dart needle is used to improve insertion performance, then the dart needle enters the target deeper and reduces target damage, but the material quality requirement increases and the dart needle is more susceptible to breaking or bending
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves the required manufacturing precision by specifying exact material composition parameters for the nickel-titanium alloy (nickel: 48-55%, titanium: 43.5-50%, chromium: 0.8-1.5%, carbon: 0.005-0.01%, oxygen: 0.01-0.05%, hydrogen: ≤0.001%, nitrogen: ≤0.0015%). These controlled material parameters enable the production of finer needles (1-1.5mm diameter) with enhanced durability, resolving the contradiction between fineness and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite nickel-titanium alloy material that provides the mechanical properties needed for finer, more reliable dart needles. This composite material structure allows for reduced needle diameter while maintaining or improving durability, as the alloy combines the flexibility needed for fine insertion with the strength needed to prevent breaking and bending.
4Reliability
If stainless steel or iron with low rigidity is used to reduce breaking risk, then the dart needle is more flexible, but the dart needle bends and deforms after being hit and cannot be straightened for continuous use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by changing the material parameters to a specific nickel-titanium alloy composition (nickel: 48-55%, titanium: 43.5-50%, chromium: 0.8-1.5%, carbon: 0.005-0.01%). This material provides the unique property of elastic resilience, allowing the needle to be flexible enough to bend upon impact but with sufficient elastic recovery capability to straighten and be reused, thereby extending service life.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite nickel-titanium alloy that combines the advantages of both nickel and titanium, creating a material with superior elastic properties. This composite material allows the dart needle to bend elastically during impact and then recover its straight shape, enabling continuous use and significantly extending the service life compared to traditional materials that either break or permanently deform.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The high-resilience dart needle effectively enters targets deeper, reduces damage to targets, improves scoring accuracy, and extends the dart's service life while lowering user costs by withstanding wear and corrosion.
Implementation Method 1
the dart needle is made of a nickel-titanium alloy material... has high hardness and high resilience
Implementation Method 2
straightening: performing heat treatment on the wires and straightening
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a high-resilience dart, which includes a dart rod, a dart cylinder, a dart wing connected to the tail end of the dart rod, and a dart needle connected to the front end of the dart cylinder, where the dart needle is made of a nickel-titanium alloy material, and the maximum diameter of the dart needle is 1-1.5 mm. The dart is manufactured by steps of smelting, polishing away the skin, rolling into a square shape, polishing away the skin, rolling into wires, performing rotary forging, drawing, straightening, forming and assembling. According to the high-resilience dart of the present invention, the dart needle has high hardness and high resilience, can resist wear and corrosion, and meets requirements of dart fans that the dart needle of the dart is fine and is difficultly deformed and broken, the service life of the dart is prolonged, the use cost of the dart fans is reduced, and the scoring probability of dart players can be improved.