Coordinator Device for DASH Bottleneck Coordination

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Solution Overview

Problem

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) lacks information about bottleneck resource constraints and rate-distortion trade-offs, leading to inefficient traffic coordination and suboptimal Quality of Experience (QoE) for video sessions, especially over wireless channels where HTTP transport misinterprets packet loss as congestion.

Innovation Solution

A resource allocation method using a coordinator device and user equipment (UE) that communicates through a communication interface to determine and adjust initial resource prices and requests, employing a marginal utility maximization scheme to optimize bandwidth allocation and alleviate bottlenecking, thereby maximizing QoE across multiple video sessions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If DASH uses HTTP transport protocol for media streaming, then ease of operation and compatibility are improved, but traffic coordination efficiency and QoE maximization deteriorate due to lack of bottleneck resource information

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of operationVSAvoidtraffic coordination efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a coordinator entity that acts as an intermediary between multiple DASH clients and the network bottleneck. This coordinator collects bottleneck resource constraint information and rate-distortion trade-off data, then distributes this information to clients to enable coordinated traffic management. The coordinator resolves the contradiction by providing the missing information that HTTP/DASH lacks inherently, allowing efficient traffic coordination while maintaining HTTP compatibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback mechanisms where the coordinator continuously monitors bottleneck resource usage and QoE metrics, then adjusts resource allocation decisions based on this feedback. Clients report their playback status and network conditions to the coordinator, which uses this feedback to dynamically adjust resource pricing and allocation, enabling adaptive traffic coordination that maximizes overall QoE while maintaining HTTP transport simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Adaptability or versatility

If DASH operates as a client-driven pull-based streaming solution, then adaptability is improved, but resource allocation efficiency deteriorates due to lack of bottleneck information

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadaptabilityVSAvoidresource allocation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The coordinator serves as an intermediary that bridges client-driven adaptability with network-aware resource allocation. Clients maintain their adaptive bitrate selection capabilities, while the coordinator provides bottleneck information and coordinates resource allocation across multiple clients. This allows the system to preserve client adaptability while achieving network-efficient resource allocation that pure client-driven DASH cannot accomplish.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system segments the resource allocation function between clients and the coordinator. Clients handle local adaptation decisions based on their playback buffers and device capabilities, while the coordinator handles network-wide resource allocation based on bottleneck constraints. This segmentation allows each component to operate independently in its optimal domain while achieving overall system efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If HTTP transport interprets packet loss as congestion, then reliability is improved by reducing transmitting window, but productivity deteriorates due to slow start and channel underutilization

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereliabilityVSAvoidchannel utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The coordinator acts as an intermediary that decouples packet loss interpretation from automatic transmission window adjustment. Instead of relying on HTTP's conservative congestion control that misinterprets wireless packet loss, the coordinator receives explicit feedback about actual network conditions and bottleneck status, then provides informed resource allocation guidance to clients. This allows the system to maintain reliability while avoiding unnecessary transmission window reductions that would reduce channel utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces HTTP's mechanical congestion control mechanism (automatic window halving based on packet loss) with an information-based coordination mechanism. The coordinator substitutes the blind reactive response of HTTP congestion control with proactive resource allocation decisions based on actual bottleneck measurements and QoE requirements, enabling more efficient channel utilization without sacrificing reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentEP3295651B1Method and apparatus for distributed bottleneck coordination in dash with resource pricing
Publication Date: 2020.04.01 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP3295651B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3295651B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3295651B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods for allocating bandwidth between a coordinator device and a user equipment (UE). In the system, the UE includes a communication interface configured to communicate with the coordinator device. The UE also includes a processor configured to receive an initial resource price from the coordinator device, determine an initial resource request, and transmit the initial resource request to the coordinator device.