Database Node Role Assignment for Redundancy and Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
In scale-out type database systems, redundancy decreases and data inequality occurs when a database node fails, leading to potential system failure or data loss, and conventional data relocation methods are inefficient and require service stoppages.
Innovation Solution
A database system with a management device that assigns roles to nodes as owner, backup, or candidate nodes, allowing for dynamic reassignment and data transfer without stopping services, maintaining redundancy and balancing data distribution across nodes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If data is distributed across multiple database nodes in a scale-out system, then the system can handle large-scale data and maintain linear performance scaling, but redundancy decreases and data inequality occurs when a node fails
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by maintaining candidate nodes that are pre-configured and ready to assume owner or backup roles. When a node fails, the candidate node can immediately take over without requiring service stoppage, thus maintaining redundancy while supporting large-scale data distribution.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements dynamic role assignment where nodes can transition between owner, backup, and candidate roles based on system state. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to maintain optimal redundancy levels while scaling data distribution across nodes, resolving the contradiction between data quantity and reliability.
2Reliability
If conventional data relocation methods are used to restore redundancy after node failure, then the system can recover from failures, but service stoppages are required and the process is inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
Candidate nodes are pre-configured and prepared in advance to assume owner or backup roles. This preliminary preparation eliminates the need for service stoppages during redundancy restoration, as the takeover process can occur seamlessly while services continue to operate.
Solution Approach 2:
The system enables continuous operation during redundancy restoration by allowing candidate nodes to take over roles without interrupting service. The useful action of data protection and redundancy restoration continues uninterrupted, maintaining both reliability and productivity.
3Productivity
If data is placed equally across database nodes, then access can be distributed to enhance throughput and response time, but data inequality occurs when nodes are added or removed
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements dynamic data distribution that automatically adapts when nodes are added or removed. The management device reassigns data and roles dynamically to maintain balanced distribution across the current set of nodes, preserving both throughput efficiency and distribution stability without requiring manual intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback mechanisms to monitor the state of database nodes and data distribution. When changes occur (node addition/removal), the management device receives feedback about the current state and automatically adjusts data placement to maintain equality and balance, thus preserving both productivity and stability.
4Reliability
If the system maintains high redundancy with multiple backup nodes, then reliability is improved against node failures, but device complexity and resource requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies local quality by assigning different roles (owner, backup, candidate) to different nodes based on their specific functions. This differentiation simplifies management complexity by giving each node a clear, localized responsibility rather than requiring all nodes to have identical configurations and roles.
Solution Approach 2:
The dynamic role assignment system allows nodes to transition between roles as needed, reducing the need for static, overly complex configurations. The system maintains high redundancy through dynamic adjustment rather than fixed complex structures, lowering device complexity while preserving failure tolerance.
Data Source
AI summary
According to an embodiment, a database system includes a plurality of nodes in which a database is stored; and a management device configured to manage the plurality of nodes. The management device includes a first assigning unit and a second assigning unit. Depending on a change in state of each of the plurality of nodes, the first assigning unit assigns a first node, which stores therein data pieces and receives an access request with respect to the data pieces, and assign a second node, which stores therein the data pieces and serves as a backup node for the first node, and instructs each of the plurality of nodes to perform operations according to assignment. Depending on a state of the plurality of nodes and depending on a change in assignment state of the first node and the second node, the second assigning unit assigns a third node which is a candidate node to serve as the first node or the second node, and instructs each of the plurality of nodes to make preparation for causing the third node to operate as the first node or the second node. Each of the plurality of nodes includes a transferring unit configured to send the data pieces of the first node or the second node to the third node.