DBS Leadwire Stimulation Control and Volume of Activation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current deep brain stimulation (DBS) technologies face challenges in predicting the volume of tissue influenced by stimulation due to the complex, anisotropic characteristics of the 3D tissue medium near the electrode, leading to undesirable side effects and limited understanding of neural response.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that quantify the degree of overlap between the estimated volume of activation (VOA) and a target volume, using metrics like the Jaccard index and Rand index, and display graphical user interfaces to visualize and adjust stimulation parameters, allowing for better control and optimization of stimulation leadwires in relation to anatomical regions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If electrical stimulation is applied to treat neurological disorders, then therapeutic efficacy is improved, but side effects increase due to unpredictable volume of activation
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs feedback by calculating the overlap between estimated volume of activation (VOA) and target volume, then using this overlap information to adjust stimulation parameters. The processor continuously monitors the stimulation effect and modifies parameters to maintain optimal overlap while minimizing spill into non-target regions, thereby reducing side effects while preserving therapeutic efficacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes stimulation parameters (amplitude, pulse width, frequency) based on calculated overlap metrics. By adjusting these parameters, the system optimizes the volume of activation to match the target volume more precisely, improving therapeutic effect while reducing activation of non-target tissue that causes side effects.
2Volume of moving object
If stimulation parameters are increased to expand volume of activation, then coverage of target region is improved, but spill into non-target regions increases causing more side effects
Solution Approach 1:
The system adjusts stimulation parameters to optimize the volume of activation. By changing amplitude, pulse width, and frequency parameters, the system expands VOA coverage of the target region while maintaining control over the spatial distribution, preventing excessive spill into non-target regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from overlap calculations to regulate parameter adjustments. When VOA begins to spill into non-target regions, the system receives feedback about the increased overlap ratio and automatically adjusts parameters to reduce spill while maintaining adequate target coverage.
3Measurement precision
If complex 3D tissue characteristics are considered for accurate prediction, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces an intermediary computational model that simplifies the complex 3D tissue characteristics into manageable parameters for VOA prediction. The processor uses this intermediary model to calculate overlap without requiring full complexity of tissue anisotropy and inhomogeneity, achieving acceptable prediction accuracy while maintaining reasonable system complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and system include a processor that outputs a model of anatomical structures of a region in which a leadwire is implanted, the structures being distinguished by graphical indicia associated with respective textual descriptions in a legend. Electrodes of a model of the leadwire overlaid on the anatomical structure models are selectable, in response to which selection the processor displays a control for modifying an electrical setting of the selected contact.