Optimized Temporal Patterns for Deep Brain Stimulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems for treating Parkinson's disease rely on high-frequency, regular temporal patterns of electrical stimulation, which are inefficient and lead to frequent battery replacements, side effects, and limited optimization, as the efficacy of DBS is strongly dependent on the frequency and pattern of stimulation.
Innovation Solution
The development of optimized temporal patterns for DBS using a genetic algorithm-based model to design non-regular, low-frequency stimulation patterns that reduce average stimulation frequency while maintaining efficacy, incorporating a cost function to optimize the stimulation pattern and reduce energy consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If high-frequency regular temporal patterns of electrical stimulation are used for DBS, then symptom relief is achieved, but energy consumption increases and battery life decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from static, regular high-frequency stimulation to dynamic, irregular temporal patterns. The stimulation delivery is made adaptive through genetic algorithms that optimize pulse timing and intervals, creating variable frequency patterns that maintain therapeutic efficacy while reducing overall energy consumption by eliminating unnecessary regular pulses
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the temporal parameters of stimulation from fixed regular intervals to variable irregular intervals optimized by genetic algorithms. By modifying the time-based parameters (inter-pulse intervals, burst patterns, rest periods) rather than maintaining constant high frequency, the system achieves symptom relief with reduced energy expenditure
2Reliability
If high-frequency stimulation is used for DBS, then symptom relief is achieved, but side effects increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes stimulation parameters from continuous high-frequency delivery to optimized irregular patterns with varying inter-pulse intervals. By modifying the temporal distribution of pulses rather than maintaining constant high frequency, the system maintains symptom relief while reducing side effects associated with excessive stimulation
3Device complexity
If regular temporal patterns of stimulation are used, then system simplicity is maintained, but optimization potential is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces dynamics into the stimulation system by implementing adaptive, irregular temporal patterns generated through genetic algorithms. This transforms the static regular pattern into a dynamic optimized pattern that responds to therapeutic goals, improving treatment efficiency while maintaining reasonable system complexity through algorithmic generation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies self-service by using genetic algorithms to automatically optimize stimulation patterns without requiring manual programming or complex external control. The system self-optimizes the temporal patterns based on predefined objectives, reducing the need for complex user intervention while achieving superior treatment efficiency
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to methods that enable one to design temporal patterns for the optimal stimulation of a nervous system, one or more nerve cells, or nervous tissue. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to methods to design improved stimulation patterns and/or genetic algorithms for the optimal stimulation of a nervous system, one or more nerve cells, or nervous tissue. In one embodiment, the present invention utilizes a model-based design to achieve a more optimal stimulation pattern for use in connection with a nervous system, one or more nerve cells, or nervous tissue (e.g., a human nervous system). In another embodiment, the model-based design of the present invention utilizes a systematic search method to identify parameters (e.g., design variables) that minimize a cost function (e.g., optimize the fitness of a particular design). In one instance, the system and method of the present invention is demonstrated via optimal temporal patterns of electrical stimulation for a nervous system, one or more nerve cells, or nervous tissue.