Arc-Free DC Circuit Breaker Using Magnetic Induction Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current high-voltage DC circuit breakers are inadequate for breaking short-circuit fault currents and have limited breaking speed, relying on insufficient theoretical foundations and experimental data, leading to delayed development and increased costs due to the need for repeated tests.
Innovation Solution
An arc-free DC circuit breaker combining magnetic induction transfer and resistive current-limiting, utilizing a bridge circuit with an induction module and over-voltage protection to achieve fast switching and current limiting, reducing the need for full-controlled power electronic devices and complex cooling systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If full-controlled power electronic devices are used to realize rapid transfer and current breaking, then breaking speed is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit breaker is divided into two functional modules: a magnetic induction transfer module for rapid current transfer and a resistive current-limiting module for current suppression. This segmentation allows each module to be optimized independently, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining high breaking speed through the magnetic induction mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
A magnetic induction transfer module acts as an intermediary mechanism between the power source and the load, enabling rapid current transfer without requiring full-controlled power electronic devices. The magnetic induction mechanism provides the fast response needed for high breaking speed while simplifying the overall device architecture.
2Reliability
If full-controlled power electronic devices are used, then current breaking capability is improved, but cooling system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic induction transfer module uses simple magnetic components and resistors that do not require complex cooling systems, replacing the need for expensive full-controlled power electronic devices with expensive thermal management infrastructure. The resistive current-limiting module provides reliable current breaking without generating the heat that would require complex cooling.
3Adaptability or versatility
If traditional active injection current method is used, then bidirectional current breaking is achieved, but breaking speed is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic induction transfer module dynamically responds to current direction changes, automatically adjusting the transfer path for bidirectional current breaking. The rapid magnetic induction mechanism provides both bidirectional capability and high breaking speed, overcoming the speed limitation of traditional active injection methods.
4Reliability
If repeated tests are conducted for product development, then reliability is improved, but development time and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic induction transfer mechanism replaces complex mechanical switching systems with a faster magnetic field-based transfer mechanism. This substitution not only improves breaking speed and reliability but also reduces the need for repeated testing to validate mechanical switch performance, thereby reducing development time.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables rapid, arc-free current breaking with improved voltage withstanding capability, reducing the usage of IGBT devices by 75% and eliminating the need for complex cooling systems, while enhancing reliability and feasibility.
Implementation Method 1
an arc-free DC circuit breaker combining magnetic induction transfer and resistive current-limiting is provided. By using an induction module to quickly transfer current to capacitors and resistors
Implementation Method 2
current may be limited under a certain level through resistive current-limiting
Data Source
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AI summary
The present disclosure provides an arc-free DC circuit breaker that combines magnetic induction transfer and resistive current limiting. The circuit breaker comprises a main current circuit and a transfer current circuit. The transfer current circuit has a bridge structure; with a group of unidirectional components having a breaking function, bidirectional current breaking is implemented, such that compared with the prior art, usage of the turn-off devices may be reduced to half. By controlling action sequences of the trigger gap, high-speed switch, and power semiconductor, fast switching arc-free opening of the main current circuit is implemented; meanwhile, the breaking capability of the circuit breaker is significantly improved. By virtue of the current limiting module circuit inside the transfer current circuit, the present disclosure quickly limits short-circuit fault current, and then reduces the number of parallel groups of full-controlled devices of the breaking module circuit. Compared with the existing circuit breaker structures, usage of turn-off devices and cost of the circuit breaker may be significantly reduced.