Bidirectional DC-DC Converter Battery Management for Overcharge Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supply systems using multiple secondary batteries connected via a DC-DC converter face challenges in efficiently giving and receiving electric power while preventing overcharging and overdischarging, especially when different storage batteries with varying capacities and voltages are connected.
Innovation Solution
A power supply system comprising a first and second storage battery connected in parallel, a bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a controller that independently isolates the batteries from the load apparatus, with specific voltage and capacity settings to prevent overcharging and overdischarging, ensuring the first storage battery's nominal voltage is less than the second's and its capacity is greater, allowing controlled energy transfer without exceeding predetermined upper limits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a bidirectional DC-DC converter is used to connect multiple storage batteries with different capacities and voltages, then power transfer between batteries is enabled, but the risk of overcharging and overdischarging increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the connection configuration between storage batteries based on their state of charge (SOC) levels. The controller changes the electrical connection parameters (series/parallel connection) according to voltage and capacity differences, enabling safe power transfer while preventing overcharging and overdischarging events.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller acts as an intermediary that manages the power transfer between storage batteries through the bidirectional DC-DC converter. It monitors battery states and controls the converter to enable safe energy transfer, preventing direct uncontrolled connection that would cause overcharging or overdischarging.
2Adaptability or versatility
If storage batteries with different capacities and voltages are connected in parallel, then system adaptability is improved, but voltage imbalance and efficiency loss occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic connection switching between series and parallel configurations based on real-time battery state monitoring. The system dynamically adjusts the electrical topology to match load requirements and battery states, optimizing efficiency while maintaining adaptability for different operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes electrical connection parameters (series/parallel switching) based on battery voltage, capacity, and SOC levels. This parameter adjustment enables the system to adapt to different battery configurations while minimizing energy loss during power transfer operations.
3Device complexity
If a relay is used to connect storage batteries, then simple switching is achieved, but the system cannot efficiently manage different load patterns and battery states
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional DC-DC converter serves as an intelligent intermediary between storage batteries, replacing simple relay switching. It actively manages power flow based on battery states and load requirements, enabling efficient adaptation to different load patterns while maintaining system safety and performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller enables the battery system to self-manage power distribution by monitoring battery states and automatically adjusting connection configurations. The system serves itself by making real-time decisions about which batteries to connect and in what configuration, optimizing performance without complex external control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively manages power transfer between batteries, reducing the likelihood of overcharging and overdischarging, ensuring safe operation even under abnormal conditions, thereby extending battery lifespan and maintaining efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a bidirectional DC-DC converter configured to give/receive electric power between the first storage battery and the second storage battery
Data Source
AI summary
In a power supply system using various kinds of storage batteries such as a large capacity storage battery or a small capacity storage battery, an electric power path is complicated, which may increase failures such as a short circuit trouble. There is a problem in that, when a short circuit trouble between storage batteries occurs, damage to a smaller capacity storage battery is serious. Accordingly, in a power supply system according to the present invention, the relationship among voltages, current capacities, and electric power capacities of various kinds of storage batteries such as a large capacity storage battery or a small capacity storage battery is defined so that damage to the storage batteries may be minimized even when malfunction occurs in, for example, switching a switch, and energy transfers from a higher voltage storage device.