Resonant DC-DC Converter Capacitor Overload Protection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing DC-DC converters in electric and hybrid motor vehicles face challenges in protecting resonance capacitors from overloads, particularly due to large voltage amplitude variations, which can lead to component deterioration and system failure, with existing solutions being costly and inflexible.

Innovation Solution

An electrical system with a resonant DC-DC converter that includes a rectifier to convert alternating voltage to pulsed rectified voltage, a filter to improve signal quality, and a detection module to determine maximum and minimum voltage thresholds for resonance capacitors, allowing for adaptive protection and automatic shutdown in case of overload.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If ultra-fast diodes are used to protect resonance capacitors from overload, then the capacitors are protected from voltage overloads, but the cost increases significantly and the circuit structure becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection of resonance capacitorsVSAvoidcircuit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/electrical protection mechanism (ultra-fast diodes) with a control system that uses sensing elements to detect voltage conditions and electronically controlled switching elements to provide protection. This substitution allows for more flexible and adjustable protection without the inherent limitations of passive diode-based approaches.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention enables adjustable protection thresholds through the control system, allowing the voltage thresholds for activation of switching elements to be modified based on operating conditions. This contrasts with fixed-threshold diode-based protection and allows optimization across different operating scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If ultra-fast diodes are used to short-circuit resonance capacitors, then voltage overload is prevented, but the diodes cannot short-circuit at the same time and the threshold voltage is not adjustable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection against voltage overloadVSAvoidadjustability of protection threshold
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where sensing elements continuously monitor the voltage across resonance capacitors and provide signals to the control system. This feedback enables real-time detection of overload conditions and allows the control system to activate protection mechanisms at precisely the right moment, with adjustable thresholds adapted to different operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from static, fixed-threshold protection (diodes) to dynamic, adjustable-threshold protection through electronically controlled switching elements whose activation thresholds can be modified in real-time based on operating conditions, enabling adaptable protection across varying scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Reliability

If resonant current measurement is used to detect overload, then protection is provided, but the solution remains costly and does not fully address the limitations of existing approaches

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoverload detectionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces sensing elements as intermediaries that indirectly detect overload conditions by monitoring voltage across resonance capacitors rather than directly measuring resonant current. This intermediary approach provides equivalent protection information while enabling a different, potentially more cost-effective implementation path through voltage-based detection and electronic control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively detects and prevents overloads in resonance capacitors, protecting the converter components and preventing system failures, while being adaptable to varying conditions and reducing the need for costly ultra-fast diodes.

Implementation Method 1

a resonant inductor (Lr), two resonance capacitors (Cr/2), and a transformer (Tr). The converter circuit (10) comprises a first circuit (10-1) and a second circuit (10-2), making it possible in particular to obtain a square-wave alternating voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 2

a rectifier (20), connected to the output of said converter circuit (10). The rectifier (20) makes it possible to convert a square alternating voltage into a pulsed rectified voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical rectification: Diode

Data Source

PatentEP3651328B1Electrical method for protecting a dc/dc converter
Publication Date: 2022.11.02 VALEO SIEMENS EAUTOMOTIVE FRANCE SAS
  • EP3651328B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3651328B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3651328B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The present invention relates to an electrical system for converting one DC voltage into another DC voltage, comprising: • a resonant DC-DC converter (1) including an LLC converter circuit, • a control unit (TN) including: ∘ a first module for determining (TN1) the effective value of the resonant current (Ir_RMS) from a measurement of the output current (Is), ∘ a second module for determining (TN2) a maximum value (Vr_max) of the voltage across each resonant capacitance (Cr/2) and a minimum value (Vr_min) of the voltage across each resonant capacitance (Cr/2) from the effective value of the resonant current (Ir_RMS), ∘ a comparison module (TNC), ∘ a cutoff element (UP) configured to stop the operation of the resonant DC-DC converter (1) in case of overload.