DC/DC Converter Regulating Photovoltaic Module Output Voltage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional photovoltaic power generation systems face reliability issues due to large reverse currents caused by forward overvoltage, leading to hotspots and fuse blowing in photovoltaic modules, which degrade system operation reliability.
Innovation Solution
A method for regulating output characteristics of a photovoltaic module using a DC/DC converter, where the output voltage is monitored in real-time, and if exceeding a preset threshold, the output current or power is controlled to be negative or zero, and the converter enters a protection mode to prevent overvoltage damage, thereby limiting reverse currents and powers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple photovoltaic modules are connected in parallel to increase power output, then the power generation capacity is improved, but voltage differences between modules cause large reverse currents and circulating currents that reduce system reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a DC/DC converter as an intermediary device between parallel photovoltaic modules. The converter actively regulates voltage and current parameters, preventing direct interaction between modules with different characteristics. This mediator eliminates circulating currents and reverse currents by controlling the operating point of each module, thus resolving the reliability issue while maintaining high power generation capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically adjusts operating parameters (voltage, current, power) of photovoltaic modules through the DC/DC converter. By changing parameters in real-time based on module characteristics and environmental conditions, the system prevents reverse current flow and optimizes power output. The converter modifies electrical parameters to keep operating points in the first quadrant, eliminating the harmful effects of parameter mismatches
2Adaptability or versatility
If the output voltage of photovoltaic modules is allowed to vary naturally with environmental conditions, then the system adapts to different operating conditions, but forward overvoltage causes the operating point to enter the fourth quadrant resulting in large reverse currents and power absorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback control mechanism through the DC/DC converter that continuously monitors output voltage and adjusts operating parameters accordingly. When voltage approaches thresholds that would cause fourth-quadrant operation, the converter actively responds by adjusting current and power to maintain first-quadrant operation. This feedback loop preserves adaptability while preventing harmful reverse currents
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by using the DC/DC converter to preemptively counteract voltage variations that would otherwise drive the system into the fourth quadrant. The converter anticipates and prevents forward overvoltage conditions by actively regulating output parameters before reverse current can occur, thus eliminating the harmful effect before it manifests
Data Source
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AI summary
A method for regulating output characteristics of a photovoltaic module and a DC/DC converter are provided. The DC/DC converter connected with the photovoltaic module determines whether an output voltage of the DC/DC converter detected in a real-time manner is greater than a first preset voltage threshold, and controls an output current of the DC/DC converter to be greater than a first preset current threshold and less than zero or control an output power of the DC/DC converter to be greater than a first preset power threshold and less than zero, in a case that the output voltage is greater than a first preset voltage threshold.