DC-DC Converter Reverse Current Prevention via Predictive Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional DC-DC converters in hybrid vehicles generate reverse currents, leading to circuit burning and reduced battery lifespan due to abrupt changes in output voltage and current demands.
Innovation Solution
A reverse current prevention apparatus that measures and verifies the output voltage of a DC-DC converter, controlling the synchronous rectification circuit's switch to be in an ON or OFF state based on the difference between the output voltage and a preset reference voltage, preventing reverse current generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is abruptly decreased to limit output current or power, then the output current and power are limited, but a reverse current of several hundred amperes is generated causing circuit burning and shortened battery lifespan
Solution Approach 1:
The control device predicts future output voltage values based on historical data and trends. By performing this prediction in advance, the system can prepare appropriate control actions for the synchronous rectification circuit before reverse current conditions actually occur, preventing circuit damage while maintaining power control
Solution Approach 2:
The control device continuously monitors actual output voltage values and compares them with predicted values. This feedback mechanism allows the system to adjust its control strategy in real-time, ensuring that the synchronous rectification circuit operates in the appropriate state (first or second state) to prevent reverse current while maintaining desired power output
2Use of energy by moving object
If the reference output voltage value is adjusted to be low to reduce supply current, then the supply current is reduced, but the output voltage becomes lower than the low voltage battery voltage causing reverse current generation
Solution Approach 1:
The system predicts future output voltage values before they are actually generated. By knowing the predicted voltage in advance, the control device can proactively adjust the synchronous rectification circuit state to prevent reverse current conditions, rather than reacting after the problem occurs
Solution Approach 2:
The control device dynamically switches the synchronous rectification circuit between two different states based on the comparison between actual and predicted output voltages. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize for low supply current during normal operation while automatically preventing reverse current when voltage conditions change
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents reverse current generation, reducing the risk of circuit damage and extending battery lifespan by adaptively controlling the synchronous rectification circuit in response to voltage changes.
Implementation Method 1
A synchronous rectification circuit 23 is included at a secondary side of the main transformer 22 to rectify an alternating current (AC) voltage
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus and a method for preventing a reverse current in a DC-DC converter of a vehicle including a measurement portion configured to measure an output voltage of the DC-DC converter of the vehicle; a verification portion configured to verify a difference between the output voltage and a preset reference output voltage at every preset period; and a controller configured to control a switch of a synchronous rectification circuit, which is implemented at a secondary side of a main transformer of the DC-DC converter, to be in an ON or OFF state according to the difference between the output voltage and the preset reference output voltage.