DC-DC Converter Voltage Control for Zero Current Fluctuation

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Solution Overview

Problem

In power supply devices with multiple power storage units and voltage conversion units, variations in output voltage occur due to dead time deviations in boost/buck DC-DC converters, especially when request power approaches zero, leading to significant voltage fluctuations when currents in multiple converters become close to zero.

Innovation Solution

A control method that generates commands to prevent simultaneous zero current passage in voltage conversion units by actively managing electric power flow between power storage units, using a command generation unit to control voltage conversion units and estimate state of charge, ensuring different current passages and directing power flow based on state of charge differences.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If multiple voltage conversion units are used to increase power supply capacity, then the power supply capacity is improved, but output voltage variation increases when current passage approaches zero

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply capacityVSAvoidoutput voltage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control device proactively manages current passage in voltage conversion units before output voltage variation occurs. By monitoring and controlling the current passage amounts, the system prevents the condition where multiple converters simultaneously operate near zero current, thereby preventing output voltage variation before it happens.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The control device continuously monitors the current passage amounts in each voltage conversion unit and adjusts their operation based on this feedback. When detecting that current passage is approaching zero in multiple units, the control device modifies the duty ratios or switching patterns to maintain minimum current flow, thus stabilizing the output voltage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If dead time is provided in boost/buck DC-DC converter to prevent short circuit, then switching safety is improved, but duty cycle deviation occurs causing voltage variation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching safetyVSAvoidduty cycle accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The control device monitors the actual current passage through the converter and compares it with the commanded duty cycle. It detects deviations caused by dead time effects and applies compensatory adjustments to the duty ratio commands, thereby maintaining accurate voltage control despite the presence of dead time for switching safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Manufacturing precision

If feedback control is used to correct duty deviation, then voltage control accuracy is improved, but response delay occurs when current direction reverses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage control accuracyVSAvoidcontrol response time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The control device anticipates current direction reversals by monitoring the operating state of the converters. Before the reversal occurs, it pre-adjusts the duty ratios or switching patterns to account for the upcoming change in current flow direction. This proactive adjustment eliminates the delay that would otherwise occur while the feedback control adapts to the new operating condition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively suppresses output voltage variations by preventing simultaneous zero current passage in voltage conversion units, thereby stabilizing the output voltage and maintaining efficient power distribution across power storage units.

Implementation Method 1

each of the voltage conversion units includes a DC chopper circuit capable of performing bidirectional voltage conversion between a corresponding one of the power storage units and the electric power line

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2202872B8Power supply device and vehicle including the same, control method for power supply device, and computer-readable recording medium having program for causing computer to execute that control method recorded thereon
Publication Date: 2013.03.27 TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK

AI summary

When request power required of a power supply device (1) by a driving force generation unit (3) is close to zero, a converter ECU (2) controls first and second converters (8-1, 8-2) to prohibit respective amounts of current passage in the first and second converters (8-1, 8-2) from simultaneously becoming close to zero. That is, when the request power is close to zero, the converter ECU (2) performs voltage control of the first converter (8-1) and sets an electric power control value for the second converter (8-2) subjected to current control (electric power control) to a nonzero value, such that electric power is supplied and received between the first and second converters (8-1, 8-2).