DC-Link RL Decoupling Circuit for Parallel Inverter Resonance

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Solution Overview

Problem

In electric locomotives with multiple inverters connected in parallel to a common DC power supply, resonance issues between input capacitors and stray inductances lead to malfunctioning of both motors if one inverter fails, resulting in loss of traction, which existing solutions attempt to address through oversizing capacitors or using low parasitic inductance bus bars, but these methods are costly and inefficient.

Innovation Solution

A DC-link decoupling circuit with an RL filter, comprising inductors and resistors connected in series and parallel, respectively, is introduced between the common power supply line and input capacitors of each inverter, allowing for resonance damping and enabling separation of faulty inverters from the power supply, thereby preventing loss of traction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multiple inverters are connected in parallel to a common DC power supply line, then the power supply efficiency is improved and each inverter can independently control different motors, but resonance occurs between the input capacitors and stray inductances causing system malfunction when one inverter fails

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply efficiencyVSAvoidsystem stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

An RL filter is introduced as an intermediary component between the common DC power supply line and each inverter's input capacitor. The filter comprises an inductor L connected in series with the power supply line and a resistor R connected in parallel to the inductor. This intermediary structure dampens resonance oscillations by providing a controlled impedance path that prevents harmful resonance between capacitors and stray inductances, while maintaining the parallel connection architecture for improved power supply efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If switch means are provided for separating faulty inverters from the power supply line, then the reliability is improved by isolating failures, but the device complexity increases due to additional switching components and control circuitry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefailure isolation capabilityVSAvoidcircuit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system is segmented into independent inverter units, each equipped with its own switch means (contactors or circuit breakers) that can independently open to isolate that specific inverter from the common DC power supply line. This segmentation allows failure isolation without requiring complex system-wide shutdown mechanisms, as each inverter can be independently disconnected while others continue operating.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If oversizing capacitors is used to address resonance issues, then the resonance frequency is shifted, but the cost and device complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresonance controlVSAvoidcapacitor specification
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of changing the capacitor size parameter, the invention introduces an RL filter that changes the overall impedance parameter of the circuit. The inductor L and resistor R create a damped oscillation system with a controlled time constant (L/R), which actively suppresses resonance oscillations at the existing capacitor values. This parameter change approach avoids the cost and complexity of oversized capacitors while achieving the same resonance control objective.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed solution effectively decouples resonance between input capacitors and allows for isolation of malfunctioning inverters, ensuring continued traction by damping oscillations and maintaining system efficiency and reducing costs.

Implementation Method 1

resonance oscillation attenuating/damping means in the form of an RL filter (resistor-inductor filter) decoupling the resonance condition of the inverters

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 2

a resistor which is connected in parallel to said inductors and in parallel to the inputs of said two inverters, and which connects the two branches connecting the two inverters with each other

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

an inductor for each branch of the power supply line connecting one of the inverters, which is connected in series between said common power supply line and said inverter

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2631104B2DC-link decoupling circuit for parallel inverters
Publication Date: 2023.11.08 ALSTOM HOLDINGS SA
  • EP2631104B2 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2631104B2 patent drawingFigure 3~5

AI summary

A DC-link decoupling circuit is provided in combination with two inverters which are connected in parallel to a common DC power supply line and each of which inverter driving one different traction motor, switch means being provided for each of said two inverters, for separating the corresponding inverter from said power supply line in case of failure. The said DC-link decoupling circuit is provided with resonance oscillation attenuating/damping means in the form of an RL filter (resistor-inductor filter). The invention relates also to an electric locomotive comprising at least two electric motors, each motor being controlled by one of two inverters, each of which inverters is powered by a common power supply line, switch means being provided for each of said two inverters, for separating the corresponding inverter from said power supply line in case of failure. DC-link decoupling means are provided for decoupling the resonance condition of inverters, which means consist of an RL filter having a damping inductor and a damping resistor in parallel.