DC-Link Switching Branch for Inverter Short-Circuit Protection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power flow control arrangements in alternating voltage networks face challenges with network short circuits, where the series converter must build up an initial voltage to handle the short-circuit current, risking uncontrolled voltage structures and potential damage.

Innovation Solution

A switching branch is introduced in parallel to the converters in the DC voltage intermediate circuit, equipped with controllable switching elements that can discharge the intermediate circuit in case of errors, replacing the need for short-circuit switches and allowing for reliable operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a short-circuiter made of switchable power semiconductors is connected between the series converter and the AC network, then the series converter is protected from damage during mains short circuits, but the series converter must first build up an initial voltage which can lead to uncontrolled voltage buildup and potential damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection from short-circuit damageVSAvoiduncontrolled voltage buildup
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The harmful function of voltage buildup is extracted from the protection system by removing the short-circuiter between the series converter and AC network. Instead, a switching branch is extracted and placed in the DC intermediate circuit to handle short-circuit currents, eliminating the voltage buildup problem while maintaining protection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The DC intermediate circuit serves as an intermediary between the converters and the short-circuit protection mechanism. By placing the switching branch in this intermediate circuit, the system mediates the short-circuit current path away from the series converter, preventing direct exposure to harmful voltages while enabling controlled discharge.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If a conventional short-circuiter is used to protect the series converter, then damage is prevented, but the number of switching elements (e.g., thyristors) increases compared to the previously described short-circuiter

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection capabilityVSAvoidnumber of switching elements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The protection function is merged with the DC intermediate circuit by placing the switching branch within it. This consolidation allows the same structural element to serve both as the DC link and as the protection mechanism, reducing the total number of switching elements needed while maintaining full protection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of operation

If the series converter builds up initial voltage to handle short-circuit current, then the short-circuiter can be triggered, but this can cause uncontrolled voltage structures and potential damage to the converter

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetriggering capabilityVSAvoidconverter safety
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The switching branch is pre-configured in the DC intermediate circuit with switching elements that are already in position and ready to operate. When a short circuit occurs, these pre-positioned elements can immediately discharge the intermediate circuit without requiring the series converter to build up voltage first, eliminating the delay and control issues associated with voltage buildup.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively manages short-circuit currents by enabling controlled discharge through the switching branch, reducing the risk of damage and providing a cost-effective, compact, and reliable operation.

Implementation Method 1

at least one controllable switching element is arranged in the switching branch... the switching element can be triggered... A DC voltage is always present in the voltage intermediate circuit so that the switching element can be triggered reliably at any time

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical switching:

Data Source

PatentEP3783783B1Assembly for regulating a power flow in an ac network and method for protecting said assembly
Publication Date: 2025.04.23 SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3783783B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3783783B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3783783B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The invention relates to an arrangement (1) for controlling a power flow in an AC network (2) comprising an inverter arrangement with a first inverter (3) and a second inverter (6), wherein the inverters are DC-connected to each other via a DC link (5) and AC-connected to the AC network. During operation of the arrangement, the inverters are connected to the AC network accordingly. The invention is characterized in that a switching branch (10) is provided in the DC link in parallel to the inverters, in which at least one controllable switching element (11) is arranged. The invention further relates to a method for protecting the arrangement in the event of an overload.