DC Power Hub Architecture for Low-Voltage Building Load Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Building power systems that distribute AC power lead to inefficiencies and increased complexity due to the need for device-specific AC/DC converters for DC-powered devices, resulting in power losses and aesthetic and cost issues with conduit and raceway requirements.
Innovation Solution
A scalable DC power distribution and control system using a power hub that converts AC power to DC power for distribution via low-voltage cables, eliminating the need for multiple AC/DC converters and allowing for efficient power and data transmission through a single cable, with integrated voltage regulators and communication interfaces for control and monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If AC power distribution is used with device-specific AC/DC converters, then DC-powered devices can operate, but power losses increase and system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent consolidates multiple device-specific AC/DC converters into a single centralized AC/DC converter located in the power hub. This merging approach eliminates redundant conversion components throughout the building, reducing overall power losses and simplifying the system architecture while still providing DC power to multiple devices through the distributed DC power network
Solution Approach 2:
The power hub is designed as a universal device that performs multiple functions: AC/DC conversion, voltage regulation, power distribution to multiple devices, and data communication. This multi-functional approach replaces what would traditionally require separate dedicated components for each device, thereby reducing system complexity and energy losses
2Ease of manufacture
If AC power distribution is used, then existing building infrastructure can be maintained, but conduits and raceways are required increasing complexity and expense
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines power transmission and data communication functions into a single cable system. By merging these functions and utilizing low-voltage cable standards that do not require traditional AC power conduits and raceways, the system simplifies installation and reduces building infrastructure complexity while maintaining safety and functionality
3Reliability
If multiple AC/DC converters are used for each DC device, then devices can operate independently, but power loss multiplies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the AC/DC conversion function into a single centralized location (the power hub) rather than distributing converters to each device. This eliminates cumulative power losses from multiple conversion stages while maintaining device independence through the distributed DC power network and individual device control capabilities
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces energy losses, simplifies installation by eliminating the need for conduits and raceways, and enables efficient powering and control of DC loads like LED light fixtures, while allowing for daisy-chaining and topology-agnostic communication, enhancing system flexibility and aesthetics.
Implementation Method 1
a power converter converting AC power to DC power
Implementation Method 2
one or more variable voltage regulators operatively connected to the power converter and controlled by the hub controller
Data Source
AI summary
A scalable DC power distribution and control system suitable for commercial buildings includes one or more power and control hubs. Each DC power and control power hub provides power and control for any suitable distributed DC loads such as light-fixtures. AC power from the electric utility is applied to the power and control hub and is converted to DC power for distribution to DC loads within the space using low-voltage cables.