DC Relay Arc Path Magnet Layout for Stable Arc Deflection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing DC relays face issues with arcs generated between fixed and movable contacts, which can damage internal components due to unpredictable arc discharge paths influenced by current direction, requiring user intervention to manage direction and leading to reduced lifespan and safety risks.
Innovation Solution
An arc path formation unit with strategically arranged magnets producing magnetic fields that direct arcs away from the relay's center, independent of current direction, using a combination of magnets with alternating polarities to create a stable discharge path.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If magnets are provided in the DC relay to form an arc discharge path, then arc discharge is enabled, but the arc discharge path becomes unpredictable and may damage internal components
Solution Approach 1:
The magnet system is segmented into multiple permanent magnets (first permanent magnet 1310, second permanent magnet 1320, third permanent magnet 1330) arranged at specific positions and orientations. Each magnet creates a localized magnetic field that collectively forms a controlled arc discharge path, segmenting the arc guidance function across multiple components rather than relying on a single magnet.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the DC relay have different magnetic field characteristics created by the strategically positioned permanent magnets. The magnetic field strength and direction are optimized locally at each magnet position to guide the arc discharge path through specific regions while avoiding sensitive internal components, creating non-uniform magnetic field distribution tailored to local requirements.
2Ease of operation
If the electromagnetic force direction depends on current flow direction, then arc discharge path can be controlled, but the user must manage current direction which reduces ease of operation
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of relying on the electromagnetic force direction changing with current direction (Fleming's left hand rule), the patent inverts the approach by using permanently magnetized permanent magnets that create a fixed magnetic field direction. This fixed magnetic field, combined with the applied electric field, ensures the arc discharge path follows a predetermined direction regardless of current flow direction, eliminating the need for users to manage current direction.
Solution Approach 2:
The permanent magnets are self-service in that they automatically maintain the magnetic field necessary for arc discharge path control without requiring external control mechanisms. The magnets inherently provide the magnetic field component needed to guide arcs, making the system self-regulating and independent of user intervention regarding current direction management.
3Reliability
If permanent magnets are arranged to produce magnetic fields for arc discharge, then arc path formation is achieved, but the structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The permanent magnets serve multiple functions simultaneously: they generate the magnetic field necessary for arc discharge path formation, provide structural support within the relay housing, and act as positioning elements for the arc discharge path. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components and simplifies the overall structure despite the presence of multiple magnets.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses permanent magnets which are relatively simple, inexpensive components compared to active electromagnetic control systems. By using passive permanent magnets instead of active electromagnets or complex control mechanisms, the solution achieves reliable arc discharge path control with simple, cost-effective components that can be easily manufactured and replaced if necessary.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively directs arcs outside the relay, preventing component damage, ensuring reliable operation and user convenience by eliminating the need to manage current direction, and enhancing arc extinguishment.
Implementation Method 1
The arc discharge path may be formed by the formed magnetic fields and electromagnetic force generated by a flow of current
Implementation Method 2
permanent magnets 1300 are provided in the space... A magnetic field is generated in a direction from the upper side to the lower side
Data Source
Figure 1(a)~1(b(
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
Shown are an arc path formation unit and a direct current relay including same. The arc path formation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of magnet parts. The magnet parts form a magnetic field at the point at which each fixed contact is positioned. Each magnet part positioned adjacent to each fixed contact is formed so that opposite surfaces thereof facing each other have different polarities. An electric current flowing through the fixed contact and a movable contact, and the magnetic field generated by each magnet part form an electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force moves away from the center of the direct current relay. Therefore, the generated arc moves in the direction of the electromagnetic force so as to move away from the center of the direct current relay. Thus, damage to the direct current relay can be prevented.