Arc-Quenching Device for DC Switches
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing arc quenching devices for direct current switches face issues with high power loss and heat generation in semiconductor switches, leading to potential trouble and the need for expensive, large-sized elements and complex heat radiation structures, which hinder miniaturization.
Innovation Solution
An arc quenching device with a semiconductor switch connected in parallel to a mechanical switch, a power supply circuit using the voltage generated between the switch contact points to turn on the semiconductor switch, and a timer circuit that interrupts the voltage supply after a predetermined time to turn off the semiconductor switch, allowing for efficient state transition without a transition period.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the semiconductor switch is turned off by a gradual process through the timing circuit stopping operation, then the timing circuit can control the switch-off timing, but the semiconductor switch experiences prolonged transition period causing excessive power loss and heat generation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the gradual timing-circuit-based switch-off mechanism with a direct voltage interruption method. Instead of relying on the timing circuit to gradually stop operation and allow the semiconductor switch to transition slowly, the invention directly interrupts the voltage supply from the power supply circuit to the semiconductor switch, causing immediate turn-off and eliminating the prolonged transition period that causes power loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic or pulsed voltage supply to the semiconductor switch. The voltage is supplied only during the necessary arc quenching period and then abruptly interrupted. This periodic action pattern allows the semiconductor switch to operate efficiently during the required time window while minimizing unnecessary operation time that would generate excess heat and power loss.
2Reliability
If the semiconductor switch is designed to handle higher power loss, then the switch can tolerate more heat generation, but the device size and cost increase due to larger heat radiation structures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need for complex heat radiation structures by replacing the gradual switch-off mechanism with direct voltage interruption. This substitution prevents excessive heat generation in the first place by minimizing the transition period, making extensive heat radiation structures unnecessary and thereby simplifying the overall device design.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harm of heat generation into a benefit by using precise voltage timing control. By interrupting the voltage supply at the optimal moment, the system prevents excessive heat accumulation, turning what could be a thermal management problem into a controlled operational parameter that simplifies the device structure.
3Reliability
If the voltage supply to the semiconductor switch is continuously maintained, then the switch remains in on state providing continuous arc quenching capability, but the power loss and heat generation increase beyond acceptable limits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by supplying voltage to the semiconductor switch only during the specific period when arc quenching is needed, then abruptly interrupting the supply. This ensures the switch remains in the on state only when necessary for arc quenching, maintaining effectiveness while minimizing energy consumption during unnecessary periods.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses preliminary action by timing the voltage supply to the semiconductor switch to coincide exactly with the moment when arc quenching is required. The power supply circuit is configured to provide voltage in advance of the actual quenching need and then interrupt it precisely when no longer required, optimizing both effectiveness and energy efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces power loss and heat generation, eliminating the need for expensive and large-sized elements and heat radiation, resulting in a highly reliable, small-sized, and inexpensive arc quenching device.
Implementation Method 1
use a voltage which is generated between the both contact points in response to opening of the first switch
Implementation Method 2
a semiconductor switch connected in parallel to a first switch which is mechanical and is connected in series to a direct current power supply
Implementation Method 3
interrupt supply of a voltage from the power supply circuit to the semiconductor switch so as to cause the semiconductor switch to turn off
Data Source
AI summary
An arc quenching device, which is highly reliable, small-sized, and inexpensive, includes: a semiconductor switch connected in parallel to a first switch which is mechanical; a constant voltage circuit configured to use a voltage which is generated between both contact points of the first switch to output a voltage which causes the semiconductor switch to turn on; and a second timer circuit configured to cause the semiconductor switch to turn off after a predetermined time has elapsed since the semiconductor switch turned on.