Multiport DC UPS System with Cloud-Managed Load Prioritization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing AC UPS systems are inefficient due to the need for AC to DC conversion for battery charging and back to AC for powering loads, and they use low energy density lead acid batteries, resulting in short backup times and bulkiness.
Innovation Solution
A multiport DC UPS system with an AC to DC power supply, bidirectional DC/DC charger, low voltage DC battery bank, and microprocessor-controlled Oring switches for efficient power management, prioritizing loads and extending backup time using lead acid or Li-ion batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If AC to DC conversion is used for battery charging and back to AC for powering loads, then the UPS system can power AC loads, but the efficiency deteriorates due to multiple power conversions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the UPS system into multiple independent power paths: one for AC loads (through inverter) and one for DC loads (direct DC output). This allows the system to serve different load types through dedicated pathways, reducing unnecessary AC-DC-AC conversions for DC-compatible devices and improving overall efficiency while maintaining versatility.
Solution Approach 2:
The UPS system is designed with multi-functionality to handle both AC and DC loads. By incorporating both inverter output for AC loads and direct DC outputs for DC loads, the system becomes universal in its capability, allowing users to connect various types of devices without requiring separate UPS systems, thereby improving energy efficiency for DC loads while maintaining broad adaptability.
2Duration of action of moving object
If lead acid batteries are used for backup power, then the system can provide extended backup time, but the system becomes bulky and heavy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by offering multiple battery chemistry options (lead acid, Li-ion, NiMH) with different energy densities and weight characteristics. Users can select Li-ion or NiMH batteries when weight and size are critical parameters, while still achieving extended backup times through higher energy density, thus resolving the contradiction between backup duration and system weight.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple loads are supported simultaneously, then the system provides greater versatility, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments load management into dedicated control circuits for different load types (AC loads through inverter, DC loads through direct DC outputs). Each load type has its own protection and control mechanisms, simplifying the overall control architecture while supporting multiple loads simultaneously. This segmented approach maintains versatility without proportionally increasing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The UPS system incorporates automatic load prioritization and power management features that operate autonomously. When power availability changes, the system automatically manages load shedding and power distribution without requiring complex user intervention or manual configuration, thereby supporting multiple loads with enhanced versatility while keeping the control system relatively simple through self-service capabilities.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multiport DC UPS system enhances efficiency and extends backup time by directly managing DC power distribution, prioritizing critical loads, and providing a compact, efficient solution compatible with IT devices.
Implementation Method 1
an AC-DC converter configured to convert a grid AC power signal to a first DC power signal
Implementation Method 2
a battery power source configured to provide a battery DC power signal
Implementation Method 3
at least one DC-DC converter coupled to the first switch and configured to convert the battery DC power signal or the first DC power signal to a second DC power signal
Data Source
AI summary
A UPS system may include a DC UPS having first DC outputs coupled to a first switch and configured to provide a battery DC power signal or a first DC power signal to corresponding first loads, first load controllers each coupled between respective ones of the first DC outputs and the first switch, and a controller coupled to the first switch and a second switch, and the first load controllers. The controller may be configured to switch between a first mode where the first DC power signal is supplied to the first load controllers, and a second mode where the battery DC power signal is supplied to the first load controllers. The UPS system may include a cloud application server in communication with the DC UPS and configured to cause the controller to disable and enable the first load controllers.