DCI Enhancements for NOMA Power Allocation Flexibility

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Solution Overview

Problem

In non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems, the base layer (BL) and enhancement layer (EL) user equipment (UE) are limited by the use of the same precoding matrix, which restricts the flexibility in transmitting downlink control information (DCI), particularly in supporting different modulation orders and power ratios for BL and EL UEs.

Innovation Solution

The method involves determining DCI at a base station that includes modulation order information, spatial layer information, and power ratio information for both BL and EL UEs, with the power ratio information transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling, allowing for flexible power allocation between BL and EL spatial layers, and including a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) to enable effective decoding by both types of UEs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If the same precoding matrix is used for base layer (BL) and enhancement layer (EL) UEs, then compatibility and simplicity are maintained, but flexibility in transmitting downlink control information (DCI) with different modulation orders and power ratios is restricted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflexibility in DCI transmissionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The DCI is segmented into multiple parts: common information applicable to both BL and EL UEs, and UE-specific information including modulation order, spatial layer, and power ratio. This segmentation allows different levels of detail to be provided to different UE types without requiring completely separate DCI structures, thus improving flexibility while managing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an additional dimension of information by including EL-specific parameters (modulation order, spatial layer, power ratio) within the DCI structure. This allows the system to convey both common and specific information in a unified framework, enabling flexible power allocation and modulation schemes for EL UEs while maintaining compatibility with BL UEs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If DCI includes detailed modulation order, spatial layer, and power ratio information for both BL and EL UEs, then flexible power allocation and optimized decoding are achieved, but DCI structure and processing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication efficiencyVSAvoidDCI processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The DCI structure is designed to serve multiple functions simultaneously: it provides common control information for both BL and EL UEs, while also carrying UE-specific parameters for power allocation and modulation. This multi-functionality allows a single DCI message to achieve both broad compatibility and specific optimization without requiring separate messaging protocols.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically adjusts DCI parameters such as modulation order, spatial layer count, and power ratio based on UE type and channel conditions. By making these parameters variable rather than fixed, the system can optimize communication efficiency for each UE while the base station manages the complexity of parameter configuration and interpretation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If power ratio information is transmitted via RRC signaling, then accurate power allocation for NOMA is achieved, but signaling overhead and latency increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower allocation accuracyVSAvoidsignaling latency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Power ratio information is pre-configured and transmitted to UEs before actual data transmission begins. This preliminary action allows UEs to have the necessary power allocation information ready in advance, enabling immediate and accurate decoding of NOMA signals without waiting for dynamic signaling during the transmission process, thus reducing latency while maintaining accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3320642B1Downlink control information (DCI) enhancements for non-orthogonal multiple access
Publication Date: 2020.02.19 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3320642B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3320642B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3320642B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to downlink control information (DCI) enhancements for non-orthogonal multiple access. For example, the disclosure presents a method and an apparatus for wireless communications that may include determining, at the base station, downlink control information (DCI) for a first user equipment (UE), wherein the DCI for the first UE comprises modulation order information, spatial layer information, and power ratio information of the first UE, and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) and spatial layer information of a second UE; and transmitting the determined DCI to the first UE.