Decellularized Bone Matrix Processing via Electrophoresis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for treating skeletal injuries, such as bone damage or resections, lack effective solutions for promoting bone growth and regeneration while minimizing rejection and ensuring mechanical compatibility.
Innovation Solution
A decellularized and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is developed, which involves breaking down surface cellular matrices, demineralizing the bone, and removing biomarkers like polynucleotides. This process includes treating the bone matrix with protease enzymes and acid solutions, followed by electrophoretic treatment to create a flexible, low-DNA-content matrix suitable for implantation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If bone tissue is treated with protease enzymes and acid solutions to remove cellular matrices and minerals, then the DNA content and biomarkers are reduced, but the structural integrity and mechanical strength may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent selectively extracts harmful components (cellular matrices, DNA, biomarkers) from bone tissue through controlled protease treatment and acid demineralization, while preserving the essential structural framework. The electrophoretic treatment further removes cellular debris and DNA fragments, achieving low DNA content (<0.1 ng/mg) without collapsing the bone's structural integrity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the bone matrix by changing its chemical and physical parameters: protease treatment modifies protein composition, acid treatment alters mineral content and porosity, and electrophoretic treatment adjusts electrical charge distribution. These parameter changes create a optimized balance between biomarker reduction and structural preservation.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the bone matrix is demineralized to improve flexibility and biocompatibility, then the mechanical rigidity decreases, but the material becomes more suitable for implantation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies controlled demineralization using acid solutions to change the mineral content parameter of bone tissue, transforming it from a rigid mineralized structure to a more flexible demineralized matrix. This parameter change improves adaptability to implantation sites while maintaining sufficient structural support through the preserved collagen framework.
Solution Approach 2:
The resulting DBM represents a composite material combining organic collagen matrix ( providing flexibility and biocompatibility) with residual mineral components (providing structural support). This composite structure achieves the optimal balance between rigidity and flexibility needed for bone regeneration applications.
3Manufacturing precision
If electrophoretic treatment is applied to remove polynucleotides and cellular debris, then the purity of the bone matrix increases, but the processing time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical filtration and centrifugation methods with electrophoretic treatment, which uses electrical fields to selectively move and remove charged particles (polynucleotides, cellular debris) from the bone matrix. This substitution achieves superior purity (<0.1 ng/mg DNA) through a more controlled and efficient process.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrophoretic treatment introduces an electrical field as an intermediary mechanism to facilitate the removal of contaminants. The electrical field acts as a mediator that selectively interacts with charged biomolecules, enabling precise separation and removal of polynucleotides and cellular debris without mechanical disruption of the bone matrix structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting DBM has a low DNA content, optimal mechanical properties, and reduced biomarkers, enhancing its biocompatibility and ability to promote bone regeneration. It can be used to address cranial injuries, assist in brain surgery recovery, and support long-term bone growth.
Implementation Method 1
treating the bone matrix with protease enzymes
Implementation Method 2
demineralizing the bone
Implementation Method 3
electrophoretic treatment to create a flexible, low-DNA-content matrix
Data Source
AI summary
A method of making a bone matrix includes exposing a bone tissue to a solution including a surfactant and a protease; treating the bone tissue with an acid solution following exposing the bone tissue; and electrophoretically treating the acid treated bone tissue. A bone matrix has a DNA content of not greater than 0.1 micrograms per milligram sample and a modulus in a range of 180 kPa to 250 kPa.