Decellularized Sheet Material for Pressure-Resistant Artificial Blood Vessels
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing artificial blood vessels made from synthetic resins face issues such as early thrombus formation, intima thickening, and poor pressure resistance, especially in small-diameter vessels, while decellularized biomaterials from porcine aorta suffer from localized pressure points and thrombus generation due to non-circular cross-sections.
Innovation Solution
A biomaterial-derived sheet-like decellularized material with specific tensile strength and elongation rates is used to create an artificial blood vessel, featuring a tapered edge design and a two-layer or three-layer structure for enhanced pressure resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a sheet of decellularized biomaterial is formed into a tubular shape without modification, then rejection is prevented, but the edge portion juts into the lumen causing localized pressure and peel-off
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a tapered edge portion where the thickness gradually decreases toward the end of the sheet. This localized thickness variation ensures that the edge portion does not jut into the lumen while maintaining sufficient thickness in other areas for pressure resistance, thereby preventing both peel-off and rejection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces asymmetry by making the sheet thickness non-uniform along the edge, with one end being thinner than the other. This asymmetric thickness distribution allows the sheet to form a proper tubular shape without edge portions protruding into the lumen, resolving the contradiction between smooth luminal surface and structural integrity
2Strength
If the sheet is made thicker to secure pressure resistance, then pressure resistance is improved, but handleability during surgery deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating the necessary thickness only in specific areas of the sheet that require structural support, while other areas (particularly the edge portions) are made thinner. This localized thickness optimization maintains pressure resistance where needed while improving handleability and reducing surgical complexity where excessive thickness is not required
3Object-generated harmful factors
If the edge portion juts out, then platelets adhere more easily, but thrombus generation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a tapered edge portion with gradually decreasing thickness that eliminates sharp edges and protrusions. This localized geometric modification prevents platelet adhesion at the edge portions while maintaining the overall structural integrity of the blood vessel, thereby preventing thrombus formation without compromising strength
Data Source
Figure 1(i)~1(ii)
AI summary
The present invention relates to a biomaterial-derived sheet-like decellularized material having a maximum value of tensile strength in four directions of 4 MPa or more and an elongation rate in the direction exhibiting the maximum tensile strength of 50% to 300%. The present invention can provide a sheet-like material capable of maintaining excellent pressure resistance when used as an artificial blood vessel or for repair of a blood vessel.