Decentralized Brake Control for Low-Latency Wheel Slip Calculation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing motor vehicle braking systems suffer from latency and redundancy issues in data communications between central control devices and decentralized braking actuators, particularly affecting time-critical functions like wheel slip control, which necessitate improved accuracy and redundancy in vehicle speed and wheel slip calculations.
Innovation Solution
A decentralized control system for motor vehicle braking systems, comprising independently actuatable wheel braking devices with electronic control units and actuators, interconnected via communication systems like CAN or Ethernet, allowing for decentralized vehicle speed and wheel slip calculations, reducing latency and enhancing redundancy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a centralized control device is used to control all wheel braking devices, then system integration is simplified, but data communication latency increases and reliability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the centralized control architecture into decentralized control units, with each wheel braking device having its own control unit. This segmentation eliminates the need for data to travel through a central hub, reducing communication latency while maintaining system integration through standardized communication protocols between distributed units.
2Device complexity
If a centralized control device is used to control all wheel braking devices, then system structure is simplified, but redundancy and fault tolerance are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the control function into independent control units distributed across each wheel braking device, the system achieves functional redundancy. If one control unit fails, others can continue operating, improving fault tolerance while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The decentralized architecture inherently provides fault cushioning by distributing control functions across multiple independent units. This prevents single-point failures from compromising the entire system, as other control units can compensate or take over critical functions.
3Reliability
If data communication between central control device and braking actuators is increased for redundancy, then reliability improves, but communication latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by segmenting the control architecture so that each control unit has direct access to local sensors and actuators, eliminating the need for redundant communication loops through a central device. This direct local control provides both redundancy and low latency simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The control units act as intermediaries between local sensors and actuators, processing control decisions locally without requiring constant communication with a central device. This intermediary function provides redundancy while minimizing communication time lags.
Data Source
AI summary
A decentralized control system for a vehicle braking system, comprises: electrically controlled wheel braking devices, each comprising an electronic control device and an actuator which is electrically actuatable by the control device, and by which the individual wheel brakes are actuatable in a mutually independent manner; and wheel speed sensors for detecting a rotational wheel speed. A wheel speed sensor is assigned to each wheel of the motor vehicle, wherein at least one control device of the wheel braking devices is connected to all the wheel speed sensors and is designed to receive wheel speed information from all the wheel speed sensors. The at least one control device of the wheel braking devices is designed to determine a vehicle speed on the basis of wheel speed information thus received, together with a motor vehicle braking system and a motor vehicle.