Decentralized Orchestration Service for Distributed Cloud Systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
Implementing a private cloud computing infrastructure is challenging due to the unwieldy, insecure, and error-prone nature of free and open-source software, especially in distributed environments, where failures are inherent and complexity is compounded by the appliance model.
Innovation Solution
A distributed computing system with a decentralized orchestration service architecture that manages containers and physical nodes through a shared communication service, maintaining a global state and ensuring availability despite hardware and software failures, using a hierarchical organization of orchestration service instances on controller nodes and physical nodes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If free and open-source software is used to implement private cloud computing infrastructure, then cost is reduced, but reliability and security deteriorate due to unwieldy, insecure default configurations and error-prone operation
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the cloud infrastructure into distinct hierarchical layers: control plane (orchestration services) separated from data plane (container and physical node management). Each layer has dedicated orchestration service instances that manage specific components, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining reliability through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
An intermediary communication service is introduced that maintains global state and facilitates coordinated communication between distributed orchestration service instances. This mediator abstracts the complexity of distributed system coordination, providing reliable state management without requiring complex peer-to-peer synchronization protocols
2Reliability
If decentralized orchestration service architecture is implemented, then system availability improves through distribution, but communication complexity increases among multiple service instances
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple distributed orchestration service instances are merged into a unified logical system through the shared communication service. The communication service consolidates state management and coordination functions, allowing instances to work together as a cohesive unit rather than independent entities, thereby reducing communication overhead
Solution Approach 2:
The communication service performs multiple functions simultaneously: maintaining global state, routing messages between instances, coordinating resource allocation, and managing failure recovery. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate specialized services, simplifying the overall communication architecture while supporting decentralized operation
3Ease of operation
If appliance model is used to mask software complexity, then ease of operation improves, but underlying software failures still affect system operation
Solution Approach 1:
The orchestration service instances automatically detect, diagnose, and recover from failures without requiring manual intervention or masking. The system performs self-health checks, automatically restarts failed services, and reconfigures resource allocation to maintain operation, providing both ease of operation and failure resistance through autonomous self-management
Solution Approach 2:
The communication service implements continuous feedback loops that monitor the state of all orchestration instances and underlying software components. When failures are detected, the system receives feedback about the failure state and automatically adjusts its operation to maintain system availability, making failure resistance an observable and manageable property rather than a hidden complexity
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, a method provides a first orchestration service instance for managing a set of containers operating on a controller node where the controller node controls a set of physical nodes. The method also provides a set of second orchestration service instances for managing a set of first services operating in the set of containers where a second orchestration service instance in a container manages a respective first service in the container. The set of physical nodes include a set of third orchestration service instances for managing a set of second services operating on the set of physical nodes. The first orchestration instance, the set of second orchestration service instances, and the set of third orchestration service instances communicate through a shared communication service that maintains a global state of the controller node, the set of containers, and the set of physical nodes.