Decode Time Instruction Optimization for Load Reserve Store Conditional

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing load reserve and store conditional sequences in Power ISA architectures are inefficient due to multiple 'roundtrips' to the coherence point, leading to increased processing time and complexity in handling heavily contended memory locations, which can result in livelock and starvation issues.

Innovation Solution

Implementing decode time instruction optimization (DTIO) to replace atomic sequences with internal atomic operations, detecting load reserve and store conditional instructions and generating a single internal atomic operation to perform atomic updates, thereby reducing the number of coherence point visits and enhancing memory subsystem performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If load reserve and store conditional sequences are used to perform atomic operations, then atomicity is ensured, but processing time increases due to multiple roundtrips to the coherence point

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveatomicityVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple separate instructions (lwarx, arithmetic operation, stwcx, and branch) into a single fused atomic instruction. This fusion eliminates the need for multiple roundtrips to the coherence point, reducing processing time while maintaining atomicity through the unified instruction execution path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs the arithmetic operation in advance within the fused instruction, before the store conditional executes. This preliminary computation is integrated into the single instruction pipeline, avoiding separate execution stages and reducing overall latency compared to the sequential execution of separate instructions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If load reserve and store conditional sequences are used for synchronization, then atomic updates are guaranteed, but device complexity increases to handle heavily contended memory locations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesynchronization guaranteeVSAvoidcomplexity to prevent livelock and starvation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

By fusing the load reserve, arithmetic operation, and store conditional into a single atomic instruction, the patent simplifies the control logic needed to manage contention. The unified instruction structure eliminates the need for complex external coordination mechanisms to prevent livelock and starvation, as the atomicity is enforced at the instruction level rather than through complex system-level protocols.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Adaptability or versatility

If separate instructions are used for atomic operations, then compatibility with legacy processors is maintained, but productivity decreases due to multiple coherence point visits

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelegacy compatibilityVSAvoidprocessing throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a new fused atomic instruction that consolidates multiple operations into a single executable unit. This fusion improves productivity by reducing the number of coherence point visits and instruction overhead, while the instruction is designed to be compatible with existing processor architectures through careful integration with legacy instruction formats and decoding mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP2805516B1Decode time instruction optimization for load reserve and store conditional sequences
Publication Date: 2016.10.12 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINE CORPORATION
  • EP2805516B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2805516B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP2805516B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A technique is provided for replacing an atomic sequence. A processing circuit receives the atomic sequence. The processing circuit detects the atomic sequence. The processing circuit generates an internal atomic operation to replace the atomic sequence.