Decoupled Two-Axis Goniometer Mechanism for Vacuum Applications
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing goniometers for scientific applications face challenges in achieving simultaneous, independent rotation of samples around three spatial axes without generating electromagnetic fields, while also requiring high vacuum and operability across wide temperature ranges.
Innovation Solution
A device utilizing traversing winches and a crank drive mechanism allows for simultaneous, independent rotation of a sample around two orthogonal axes, decoupling the rotations and minimizing electromagnetic interference, suitable for high vacuum and temperature extremes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If electromagnetic drives are used to rotate the sample, then the rotation speed and precision are improved, but electromagnetic fields are generated that interfere with the sample measurement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electromagnetic drives with a purely mechanical linkage system consisting of cranks, rods, and levers. The drive mechanism is positioned away from the sample, and mechanical motion is transmitted through rigid linkages to rotate the sample holder, eliminating electromagnetic field generation while maintaining rotation capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary mechanical transmission system between the drive mechanism and the sample holder. This intermediary chain of mechanical linkages (cranks, rods, levers) transmits rotational motion without direct electromagnetic coupling, allowing the drive to be isolated from the sample measurement region
2Adaptability or versatility
If a three-axis goniometer is used to rotate the sample, then the orientation control is improved, but the device size and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple rotation functions into a single integrated mechanical linkage system. The crank-rod-lever mechanism simultaneously provides rotation about multiple axes through its geometric configuration, merging what would traditionally require separate goniometer components into one compact unit
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses geometric relationships in three-dimensional space to achieve multi-axis rotation control. By carefully arranging the cranks, rods, and levers in specific spatial configurations, the mechanism generates coupled rotational movements about different axes from a single drive input, effectively adding dimensional control without adding components
3Weight of moving object
If the rotation mechanism is positioned close to the sample, then the moment of inertia is reduced, but electromagnetic interference and mechanical complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the rotation mechanism into distinct functional zones: the drive mechanism is positioned in one region while the sample holder is positioned in another. The mechanical linkages connect these segments, allowing the drive to be spatially separated from the sample while still providing effective rotational control through the transmitted mechanical force
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a device for rotating a specimen about two orthogonal axes. According to the invention, rotation takes place in a decoupled manner, that is to say the axes remain unchanged in their orientation to one another during rotation about the axes. A third rotation about a further axis is then likewise possible in a largely decoupled manner. All rotations can also be produced purely mechanically. The device comprises at least one base (18, 18', 18'') and a pedestal (1), which is arranged rotatably about a first axis on the base (18, 18', 18''), and wherein a first axis (T) is defined by said first axis. The axis (T), more particularly, lies outside the pedestal (1). The invention further comprises at least one specimen holder (2), which is arranged rotatably about a second axis (A) on the pedestal (1), and wherein the second axis (A) is orientated perpendicular to the first axis (T), and wherein a centre point of a specimen receptacle (4) on one end of the specimen holder (2) coincides with the intersection of the axes (A) and (T). The rotations about the axes are generated by a mechanical means for rotating the pedestal (1) about the first axis (T) and a mechanical means for rotating the specimen holder (2) about the second axis (A). The latter means has a linear transmission direction for the rotation. This linear transmission direction of the rotation of the mechanical means for rotating the specimen holder (2) about the second axis (A) coincides with the axis (T). Consequently, the rotations about the two axes (A) and (T) are decoupled.