Dedicated PRACH Resources for Low-Latency Random Access

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing random access mechanisms in 5G wireless communication systems face high latency issues during contention-free random access, which fail to meet the stringent latency requirements in scenarios like fast cell handover, especially when using traditional PRACH time-frequency resources.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves configuring dedicated time-frequency resources and preambles in an aperiodic or periodic manner, allowing for reduced latency by allocating specific time-frequency resources and preambles for fast access scenarios, distinct from traditional PRACH resources, thereby enabling low-latency access.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If traditional PRACH time-frequency resources are used for contention-free random access, then resource allocation is standardized and simple, but access latency becomes large and latency requirements cannot be met

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccess latencyVSAvoidresource allocation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The base station pre-configures dedicated time-frequency resources and preambles for contention-free random access before the actual access occurs. This allows user equipment to immediately use these pre-allocated resources without waiting for dynamic scheduling, thereby reducing access latency while maintaining manageable resource allocation through advance planning

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts dedicated time-frequency resources specifically for contention-free random access from the general PRACH resources. By separating these resources into a dedicated pool, the system can provide low-latency access for specific scenarios (like handover) without affecting the standardized PRACH operation, thus reducing latency while keeping overall resource management structured

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Speed

If dedicated time-frequency resources are configured for fast access scenarios, then access latency is reduced, but resource management complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccess speedVSAvoidresource configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the random access resources into different types: dedicated time-frequency resources for fast access scenarios and traditional PRACH resources for general access. This segmentation allows the system to provide fast access when needed while maintaining the standardized resource management structure for other cases, thus improving access speed without overwhelming complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The base station dynamically adjusts resource allocation parameters based on traffic conditions and access requirements. By changing parameters such as the number of dedicated resources, their time-frequency positions, and associated preambles according to actual needs, the system can optimize access speed while keeping resource management complexity adaptable rather than fixed and overwhelming

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3636037B1Apparatus and method for random access in wireless communication system
Publication Date: 2024.10.09 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP3636037B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3636037B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3636037B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The present disclosure provides a method for operating a base station in a wireless communication system. The method comprises, configuring a time-frequency resource and a preamble, transmitting time-frequency resource configuration information and preamble configuration information, detecting the preamble transmitted from a terminal at the time-frequency resource, and transmitting, to the terminal, a random access response (RAR).