Defined T Cell Products for Infection Treatment in Stem Cell Transplantation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for invasive pathogenic infections, particularly in patients undergoing hematological stem cell transplantation, are ineffective due to drug resistance and immunosuppression, with existing antifungal and antiviral therapies failing to restore adaptive immunity effectively.
Innovation Solution
A defined T cell product is developed, comprising specific populations of T cells reactive with fungal, viral, or tumor antigens, isolated and expanded using G-CSF mobilized hematopoietic stem cells and antigens, to provide targeted immune response.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional antifungal and antiviral drugs are used to treat infections, then infection treatment is provided, but drug resistance develops and toxicity limits prolonged administration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional chemical antifungal and antiviral drugs with biological T cell therapy. T cells provide a biological mechanism to recognize and destroy pathogenic fungi and viruses through cell-mediated immunity, eliminating the need for prolonged chemical drug administration and overcoming drug resistance issues
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the treatment approach from chemical pharmacology to immunobiology. By transforming the immune system's own T cells into pathogen-specific effectors through in vitro expansion and activation, the therapy achieves targeted destruction of pathogens without the harmful side effects of conventional drugs
2Reliability
If immunosuppression is used to prevent rejection in stem cell transplantation, then graft survival is improved, but susceptibility to opportunistic infections increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary action by generating pathogen-specific T cells before infection occurs. T cells are expanded and activated in advance using fungal or viral antigens, then administered to patients to provide preemptive protection against opportunistic infections during the immunosuppressed period following stem cell transplantation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces T cells as an intermediary biological agent that mediates protection against infections. These T cells serve as a bridge between the immunosuppressed state and infection resistance, providing targeted immunity without requiring reduction of immunosuppressive drugs that would compromise graft survival
3Adaptability or versatility
If undefined T cell compositions are used, then broader protection is achieved, but specificity and reproducibility are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the T cell population into distinct, defined subsets based on their pathogen specificity and functional characteristics. T cells are separated and characterized by their reactivity to specific fungal or viral antigens, allowing precise control over the composition while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the compositional parameters of T cell products by establishing defined criteria for cell selection, expansion, and characterization. Specific parameters such as T cell count, phenotypic markers, and pathogen reactivity are standardized to ensure reproducibility and quality control while maintaining broad protective capability
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising isolated T cells, with activity against a fungal antigen, a viral antigen or a tumour antigen, wherein the composition comprises a defined number or defined ratio of T cells. Described herein are compositions comprising at least two populations of T cells, the compositions being suitable for treating various diseases and disorders.