Deflare Pitch Command Display for Aircraft Landing Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Aircraft landings often result in accidents and cargo damage due to incorrect pitch reduction during deflare, with inexperienced pilots facing difficulty in judging the correct rate, and bounces occurring from improper approach attitudes or rates of sink, leading to unsafe landings or the need for go-arounds.
Innovation Solution
Systems and methods for displaying a pitch command after touchdown, which identify the actual and target pitch reduction rates and display a pitch command when the difference exceeds a threshold, reducing reliance on pilot skill for safe deflare, and providing bounce recovery instructions based on bounce severity to aid in maintaining or altering pitch.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If pitch reduction rate is increased to ensure safe landing within runway length, then landing safety is improved, but aircraft or cargo damage may occur due to overzealous pitch reduction
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors the actual pitch reduction rate and compares it to the target rate, providing real-time feedback to the pilot through visual cues on the display. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables dynamic adjustment of pitch reduction to maintain safety while preventing excessive rates that could cause damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the target pitch reduction rate parameter based on aircraft configuration (flap position, slat position, spoiler position) and landing phase, allowing optimization of the pitch reduction profile to balance safety requirements with damage prevention.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If pitch reduction rate is decreased to prevent aircraft or cargo damage, then damage risk is reduced, but the aircraft may be unable to safely land within the length of the runway
Solution Approach 1:
The continuous monitoring and comparison of actual versus target pitch reduction rate provides real-time feedback, allowing the system to detect when pitch reduction is too slow and prompt the pilot to increase the rate, ensuring runway length utilization while preventing damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The target pitch reduction rate is not fixed but dynamically adjusted based on aircraft configuration parameters (flap, slat, spoiler positions) and landing phase, enabling the system to optimize the pitch reduction profile for each specific situation to balance safety and damage prevention.
3Device complexity
If reliance on pilot skill is increased to judge correct pitch reduction rate, then system complexity is reduced, but deflare execution accuracy deteriorates leading to accidents
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs self-monitoring of pitch reduction rate and self-guidance by providing visual cues to the pilot, reducing the cognitive burden on the pilot while maintaining high execution accuracy through automated measurement and guidance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the manual mechanical judgment and control system with an electronic sensing and display system that automatically measures pitch reduction rate and provides visual guidance, substituting human skill with automated electronic assistance.
4Reliability
If bounce recovery actions are taken immediately, then bounce severity is reduced, but incorrect actions may worsen the bounce condition
Solution Approach 1:
The system detects bounce conditions and provides pre-coordinated recovery guidance based on the detected bounce characteristics, enabling the pilot to execute appropriate recovery actions without having to judge the correct response in real-time, thereby preventing worsening of the bounce condition.
Data Source
AI summary
A pitch command display method includes identifying touchdown of an aircraft, identifying a first value representing an actual pitch reduction rate of the aircraft, identifying a second value representing a target pitch reduction rate of the aircraft, determining a difference between the first value and the second value, and displaying a pitch command when the difference between the first value and second value is greater than a threshold amount and the aircraft has touched down.