Estimating Deflated Lung Shape for VATS Surgical Planning
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Solution Overview
Problem
In video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), the deflated lung shape changes, making pre-surgical plans based on CT images less applicable, and it is impractical to perform another CT scan during the procedure, necessitating a solution to accurately update surgical plans in real-time.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that estimate the deflated lung shape using a computing device, combining CT images with video images from a laparoscope, employing a neural network to learn the correspondence of air volume deflation, and updating surgical plans for a mixed-reality environment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If pre-surgical planning is performed based on CT images, then surgical plan can be prepared in advance, but the plan becomes inaccurate when lung is deflated during surgery
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically updates the surgical plan by calculating the deflation ratio from pre-operative CT images and applying it to transform the lung model from inflated to deflated state. This allows the pre-surgical plan to adapt to the actual lung shape during surgery, resolving the contradiction between having a pre-planned surgery and needing to adapt to lung shape changes.
2Measurement precision
If another CT scan is performed during VATS procedure, then current lung shape can be captured, but it is impractical and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary calculations using pre-operative CT images to estimate the deflated lung shape before surgery begins. By pre-calculating the deflation ratio and transforming the lung model in advance, the system eliminates the need for intra-operative CT scans, saving time while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual copy of the lung model from pre-operative CT images and applies digital deflation transformation to this copy rather than performing a new physical CT scan. This virtual copying approach provides the current lung shape information without the time cost and radiation exposure of a new CT scan.
3Adaptability or versatility
If 3D lung model is transformed from inflated to deflated state, then surgical plan becomes applicable to current lung shape, but calculation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the key parameter of the lung model from inflated to deflated state by calculating and applying a deflation ratio. This parameter transformation allows the same 3D lung model to represent both pre-operative and intra-operative states, simplifying the overall system architecture while maintaining adaptability to the deflated lung condition.
Data Source
AI summary
The present teaching relates to surgical procedure assistance. In one example, a first volume of air inside a lung is obtained based on a first image of the lung captured prior to a surgical procedure. The lung has a first shape on the first image. A second volume of air deflated from the lung is determined based on a second image of the lung captured during the surgical procedure. A second shape of the lung is estimated based on the first shape of the lung and the first air volume inside the lung and second volume of air deflated from the lung. A surgical plan is updated based on the estimated second shape of the lung.