Deformable EEG Headset with Adjustable Sensor Guides
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing devices for measuring brain activity signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), face challenges including hair interference, poor sensor placement, discomfort, and inability to simultaneously measure signals with high spatial resolution and precision, especially for young children and newborns.
Innovation Solution
A device with a deformable central support and flexible guides allows for adjustable sensor placement, tensioning system with elastic pieces, and multiple sensor supports to accommodate both EEG and NIRS sensors, enabling precise and comfortable measurement of brain activity signals without losing pre-adjusted positions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If fabric headsets are used for electrode placement, then flexibility and comfort are improved, but the ability to maintain precise optode positioning and exclude hair from measurement field deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The headset is divided into distinct functional modules: a fabric base layer for comfort, a separate positioning structure with rigid optode holders, and adjustable tensioning elements. This segmentation allows each component to optimize its specific function while working together as a unified system.
Solution Approach 2:
The headset combines multiple materials with complementary properties: flexible fabric for comfort, rigid plastic or metal for precise optode positioning, and elastic materials for tensioning. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by integrating the advantages of each material type in appropriate locations.
2Manufacturing precision
If rigid plastic headsets are used to maintain sensor positioning, then measurement precision is improved, but comfort and adaptability to head curvature deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the headset have different mechanical properties: rigid structures localized at sensor mounting points for precision, while the overall headset structure remains flexible through fabric construction and articulated joints. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction between rigidity and flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The headset incorporates dynamic elements such as adjustable tensioning systems and flexible joints that allow the structure to adapt to different head shapes and sizes while maintaining sensor positioning accuracy. The system transitions from a static rigid structure to a dynamic adaptable structure.
3Reliability
If dedicated EEG or NIRS devices are used, then measurement function is improved, but the ability to simultaneously measure both EEG and NIRS signals deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The headset is designed as a universal platform that can simultaneously accommodate both EEG electrodes and NIRS optodes. The modular sensor supports and standardized mounting structure allow multiple sensor types to be integrated without requiring separate dedicated devices, enabling simultaneous multi-modal brain activity measurement.
4Device complexity
If pre-established node locations are used in network structures, then device complexity is reduced, but the ability to appropriately position sensors for individual heads deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The headset incorporates adjustable elements such as movable sensor supports along flexible guides and可调 tensioning systems that allow the sensor positions to be dynamically adjusted to match individual head geometries, moving from fixed pre-established locations to adaptable positioning.
Solution Approach 2:
The headset allows for preliminary adjustment of sensor positions on a model or template head before actual use, enabling optimization of sensor placement for different applications while maintaining the ability to adjust for individual variations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device provides comfortable and precise simultaneous measurement of EEG and NIRS signals with high spatial density, adapting to the head's curvature and maintaining accurate sensor placement, addressing the limitations of existing technologies.
Implementation Method 1
a system for tensioning said flexible guides
Implementation Method 2
the frictional forces between the flexible guide and the sensor support are such as to prevent sliding, ensuring the tensioning of the corresponding flexible guide
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a device suitable for measuring the brain activity signals of an individual, the device being intended to be placed on the head of the individual and having a structure intended to carry sensors, the structure allowing the position of the sensors to be adjusted. The structure of the device has: a deformable central support, which is able to adapt to the curvature of the head and is intended to be positioned along the head, preferably on the median plane of the cranium; flexible guides, which extend laterally with respect to the central support and are spaced apart from each other; sensor supports, which are rigidly connected and fixed to the flexible guides, in adjustable positions along the flexible guides; and a system for tightening the flexible guides.