Deformation Evaluation Sheet Using Moiré Fringe Pattern
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring deformation in structures, such as those using moiré fringes, are complex and struggle to accurately detect small displacements, while sensors like those described in Patent Documents 4 and 5 face limitations in clearly measuring initial displacement due to their design.
Innovation Solution
A sheet with distinct sections: a high extensibility first section, a low extensibility second section, and a deformation buffering third section, where the first pattern image is visible through the second, allowing for clear detection of displacement without needing to be close to the object, using a configuration with high and low adhesion surfaces for secure and non-secure attachment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional measurement methods (strain gauge or ruler) are used, then measurement can be performed with simple equipment, but measurement precision is insufficient due to human error and inability to detect small displacements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a patterned sheet that creates a visual copy of the structure's surface deformation. By attaching a transparent sheet with a regular pattern to the structure surface, the deformation is copied into the pattern distortion, which can then be observed and measured from a distance without complex equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs visual pattern changes (effectively optical/color changes) where the pattern on the transparent sheet distorts according to the underlying structure's deformation. This allows precise measurement of small displacements through visual observation of pattern distortion rather than direct measurement.
2Measurement precision
If moiré fringe measurement methods are used, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and operational difficulty increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using complex moiré fringe instrumentation, the patent creates a simplified visual copy system where the pattern sheet directly displays deformation information. The pattern distortion serves as a direct visual copy of the deformation, eliminating the need for complex optical systems and making the measurement process accessible to non-experts.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical/optical measurement systems with a simple visual observation method. By substituting intricate moiré fringe apparatus with a transparent patterned sheet that visually displays deformation, the system becomes much easier to operate while maintaining measurement capability.
3Measurement precision
If measurement equipment is placed close to the object, then measurement precision improves, but operational flexibility and safety are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patterned sheet creates a visual copy of the deformation that can be observed from any distance. The deformation information is copied onto the transparent sheet's pattern, allowing observers to view the measurement results from a safe or convenient distance without needing to position equipment close to the structure.
4Reliability
If the entire sheet surface is made highly adhesive, then attachment reliability improves, but the ability to buffer deformation is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating different adhesion zones on the sheet surface. High adhesion areas provide secure attachment to the structure, while low adhesion areas allow the sheet to buffer and accommodate deformation without detaching. This spatial variation in adhesion properties simultaneously achieves both reliable attachment and deformation buffering.
Solution Approach 2:
The sheet surface is segmented into distinct adhesion regions with different bonding characteristics. This segmentation allows different parts of the sheet to serve different functions: some regions anchor the sheet firmly while others permit movement, enabling the sheet to both attach reliably and buffer deformation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables simple and accurate detection of small displacements in structures, facilitating deformation evaluation of buildings by generating a visible moiré fringe that can be assessed from a distance, reducing measurement errors and improving detection precision.
Implementation Method 1
a displacement measuring method that uses a moiré fringe for measuring a minute relative displacement between two points using a moiré fringe, where a lattice having spatially periodic structure is displayed on each of two plate like parts of a measuring device
Data Source
AI summary
Problem: To provide a sheet that can clearly and easily measure displacement when displacement of a subject is small, and to provide an article for evaluating the deformation of a building containing this sheet. Resolution Means: A sheet having a first main surface and a second main surface facing the first main surface, including a first section having a first pattern image, a second section having a second pattern image, and the third section provided between the first section and the second section, wherein the first section has higher extensibility then the second section, the first section includes a first main surface of the sheet, the second section includes a second main surface of the sheet, the first pattern image is visible through the second pattern image, and the first main surface includes a high adhesive surface and a low adhesive surface.