Two-Antenna Delay-Rate Spectrum UAV Detection and Localization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional UAV detection systems face challenges in accuracy, cost-efficiency, and consistency due to limitations in active and passive systems, including short range, high detectability, and high false alarm rates.

Innovation Solution

A system utilizing two antennas separated by a baseline distance, with a processing module that determines a delay-rate spectrum through cross-correlation and 2D Fourier transform, allowing for precise detection of moving objects by distinguishing between signal delays and rates, and mitigating interference and false alarms.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If passive systems like phased array systems are used to detect UAVs, then detection accuracy is improved, but the system complexity and cost increase due to requiring large number of antennas and complex array configuration

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments the detection task by using only two antennas instead of a large phased array, dividing the complex detection problem into simpler signal processing steps (cross-correlation followed by 2D Fourier transform) that can be handled with minimal hardware

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical/phased array system with multiple physical antennas with a signal processing system based on cross-correlation and 2D Fourier transform, substituting hardware complexity with algorithmic processing to achieve the same detection accuracy

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of manufacture

If acoustic systems are used for UAV detection, then cost is reduced, but detection precision deteriorates due to surrounding noise and interference from other RF emitting sources

Engineering Contradiction:

ImprovecostVSAvoiddetection precision

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces acoustic detection systems with an RF-based interferometric system using two antennas and signal processing, maintaining low cost while dramatically improving precision by operating in the RF domain where UAV emissions are stronger and less susceptible to environmental noise

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces cross-correlation and 2D Fourier transform as intermediary signal processing steps that filter out noise and interference, allowing the system to extract clean UAV signal information even in noisy RF environments

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Adaptability or versatility

If directional antennas array is used to cover large number of directions, then detection coverage is improved, but the number of antennas and system cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedetection coverageVSAvoidnumber of antennas

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The two-antenna interferometric system performs multiple functions simultaneously: it detects UAV presence, determines direction of arrival, and provides frequency-wide coverage without requiring multiple directional antennas for different sectors, achieving universal detection capability with minimal hardware

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from spatial dimension (multiple directional antennas covering different angles) to frequency dimension (2D Fourier transform across frequency and time), achieving omnidirectional coverage through signal processing rather than physical antenna array geometry

Inventive Principle:

Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system enhances the detection of moving objects with improved accuracy and reduced false alarms, enabling precise localization of UAVs across a wide range of frequencies and speeds.

Implementation Method 1

determine a delay-rate spectrum for the first signal and the second signal based on a cross-correlation function followed by a 2D Fourier transform

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCross-correlation:

Implementation Method 2

determine a delay-rate spectrum for the first signal and the second signal based on a cross-correlation function followed by a 2D Fourier transform

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFourier transform:

Data Source

PatentUS11888673B2System and computer-implemented method for moving object detection and location determination using delay rate spectrum

Publication Date: 2024.01.30 VEHERE INTERACTIVE PTE LTD

AI summary

A system for detecting a moving object is provided. The system comprises a detector module having a first antenna and a second antenna separated by a baseline distance. The system also comprises a processing module configured to receive a first signal and a second signal from the first receiving antenna and the second receiving antenna, respectively. The processing module is further configured to determine a delay rate spectrum followed by a 2D FFT for the first signal and the second signal based on a cross-correlation function and an observation time period. The delay rate spectrum is then used to detect the moving object and determine its location in terms of latitude and longitude coordinates.