Delayed Release Microcapsule Formulation for Resistant Pest Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing resistance of damaging species such as insects, mites, molds, snails, and worms to insecticidal, acaricidal, fungicidal, snailcidal, and vermicidal active principles leads to reduced efficacy and increased costs in agriculture, veterinary medicine, and domestic hygiene, necessitating higher dosages or new chemicals, which can harm the ecosystem.
Innovation Solution
A formulation combining an insecticidal or acaricidal active principle (A) with a synergistic compound (B) in a microcapsule system where the release of (A) is delayed by 1-12 hours relative to (B), using polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, or urea-formaldehyde polymers, enhancing the synergistic effect and stability, and allowing for a single effective treatment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If higher dosages of active principles are used to overcome resistance, then eradication effectiveness is improved, but ecosystem damage and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temporal parameter of active principle release by using microencapsulation to delay release by 1-12 hours, allowing the synergistic compound to be present first to inhibit detoxification mechanisms, thereby improving effectiveness at lower dosages and reducing ecosystem damage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the active principle with synergistic compounds (PBO, sesamol, verbutin, MGK 264, or DEF) in a microencapsulated formulation, creating a composite system where the synergistic compound enhances the active principle's effectiveness against resistant species, allowing reduced dosage while maintaining eradication effectiveness
2Reliability
If separate administrations of synergistic compound and active principle are used, then synergistic effect is improved, but practicality and economic efficiency worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the synergistic compound and active principle into a single microencapsulated formulation that is applied simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate administrations while maintaining the synergistic effect through the controlled delayed release of the active principle
Solution Approach 2:
The microencapsulation system performs preliminary action by delaying the release of the active principle for 1-12 hours, ensuring that the synergistic compound is already present to inhibit detoxification mechanisms before the active principle becomes active, thereby achieving the synergistic effect in a single application
3Duration of action of stationary object
If microencapsulation is used to prolong release, then stability and prolonged effect are improved, but release time control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent controls the release time parameter by selecting specific polymer materials (polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyurethanes, or urea-formaldehyde polymers) with different degradation rates, allowing adjustment of the delayed release period within 1-12 hours to optimize both prolonged effect and manageable complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The delayed release formulation significantly increases the mortality of resistant species, achieving higher efficacy with reduced active substance use, lowering costs and environmental impact, and providing enhanced protection with a single application.
Implementation Method 1
the average release time of component (A) [t (A) ] is delayed by a time interval Δt = [t (A) ]-]-[t (B) ] of between 1 and 12 hours
Implementation Method 2
based on polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polycarbamates, polyurethanes or based on urea-formaldehyde polymers
Implementation Method 3
substances such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and its analogues, sesamol, verbutin, MGK 264 and DEF, can enhance insecticidal, acaricidal, fungicidal, snailcidal and vermicidal activity in vitro and/or in vivo, either by inhibiting the activity of certain insect metabolic enzymes involved in detoxification
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
The present invention relates to a new formulation characterised by the presence of two components, one of which (A) possesses insecticidal, acaricidal, fungicidal, snailcidal or vermicidal activity and the other (B) exhibits synergistic activity with the first by enhancing its effectiveness, and in which the average release time of component (A) is 1 to 12 hours later than the average release time of component (B). The formulation is obtained by: a) separate microencapsulation of both components (A) and (B) within a multilayer system of specific polymers in which component (A) is in a more interior portion of the capsule than component (B), being separated from component (B) by a polymer layer of suitable thickness (Figure 1); b) microencapsulation of both components within a single layer system (Figure 2), combined with an immediate-release emulsion/microemulsion containing an additional amount of component (B).