Deltamethrin Form II Crystalline Structure for Mosquito Lethality

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Solution Overview

Problem

The widespread resistance of mosquitoes to pyrethroid insecticides, such as deltamethrin, threatens the effectiveness of malaria control measures, necessitating the development of improved pest control agents.

Innovation Solution

A novel crystalline form of deltamethrin, designated as Form II, is developed, characterized by specific Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction patterns, and a single crystal structure, which is prepared through melting and cooling processes, offering enhanced pest control properties.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If deltamethrin Form I is used as the crystalline form, then the manufacturing process is simpler and cost is lower, but the lethality against resistant mosquito populations is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelethality against mosquitoesVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the crystalline form parameter of deltamethrin from Form I to Form II, which has different physical properties including enhanced lethality against resistant mosquito populations while maintaining manufacturability through a defined preparation process

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes phase transition processes (melting and cooling) to transform deltamethrin from Form I to Form II crystalline structure, enabling the production of the more effective Form II through controlled thermal processes

Inventive Principle:

Principle #36Phase transitions

2Manufacturing precision

If fractional crystallization and epimerization processes are used to produce deltamethrin, then the separation of diastereoisomers is improved, but the process complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveseparation of diastereoisomersVSAvoidprocess complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs phase transition (melting and cooling) as a simpler alternative to complex fractional crystallization and epimerization processes, achieving effective separation and purification of deltamethrin diastereoisomers through controlled phase changes

Inventive Principle:

Principle #36Phase transitions

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Deltamethrin Form II demonstrates increased lethality against mosquitoes and other pests compared to its predecessor Form I, providing a more effective pest control solution amidst growing resistance issues.

Implementation Method 1

growing crystals of deltamethrin from the molten deltamethrin

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCrystallization: Crystallisation

Implementation Method 2

melting deltamethrin Form I, cooling the molten deltamethrin to room temperature

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentUS11582971B2Crystalline forms of deltamethrin and methods of use thereof

Publication Date: 2023.02.21 NEW YORK UNIV

AI summary

The present invention relates to a novel crystalline form of deltamethrin, which is a pyrethroid compound useful as a pest control agent. The present invention further relates to a process of preparing the novel crystalline form, and to methods of controlling pests using the novel crystalline form.