Dengue Booster Vaccine Composition for Antibody Titers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current dengue vaccines are less effective in individuals who have not previously been infected with the dengue virus, as they generate lower neutralizing antibody levels, increasing the risk of dengue disease upon exposure to any of the four serotypes.
Innovation Solution
A booster vaccine composition comprising dengue antigens of serotypes 1 to 4 or nucleic acid constructs capable of expressing these antigens, administered to individuals who have received a primary vaccination course, to induce a significant increase in neutralizing antibody titers, particularly in dengue naïve subjects, thereby enhancing protection against all serotypes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a primary vaccination course is administered to dengue naïve individuals, then vaccination coverage is achieved, but neutralizing antibody levels remain low, providing insufficient protection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a two-dose vaccination regimen where the first dose (primary vaccination) is administered to establish initial immune response, followed by a second dose (booster vaccination) to enhance and consolidate protection. This preliminary action of priming the immune system with the first dose enables the second dose to generate significantly higher neutralizing antibody levels, resolving the contradiction between achieving vaccination coverage and ensuring sufficient protection effectiveness.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If a single dose vaccination is administered, then vaccination coverage is achieved quickly, but antibody persistence is short and protection duration is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic vaccination action by administering the vaccine in two distinct doses separated by a specific time interval (typically 3-12 months). The first dose initiates the immune response, and the second dose reinforces and extends it. This periodic administration pattern transforms the temporary antibody response from a single dose into prolonged, persistent protection, resolving the contradiction between quick vaccination coverage and long-term antibody persistence.
3Reliability
If vaccination is administered to dengue naïve individuals, then vaccine coverage is achieved, but seroconversion rate is lower compared to previously infected individuals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent addresses the differential immune response by implementing a standardized two-dose regimen that works effectively across different immune states. The first dose adapts to dengue naïve individuals by establishing baseline immunity, while the second dose enhances this response to achieve high seroconversion rates. This parameter change from single-dose to two-dose administration transforms the variable effectiveness into consistent high-level protection regardless of initial immune status.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is directed to a method of booster vaccination and to a vaccine composition for use in such a method, for inducing in a human subject a neutralizing antibody response, wherein said subject has previously received a primary vaccination against each of serotypes 1 to 4 of dengue virus and was dengue naïve before said primary vaccination, said composition comprising a dengue antigen of at least one of serotypes 1 to 4 or a nucleic acid construct capable of expressing said antigens in the subject, wherein said booster vaccination results in a 2-fold increase in the neutralizing antibody titre against each of serotypes 1 to 4. The invention is also directed to a method of inducing in a human subject a neutralizing antibody response comprising the administration of a vaccine composition, or to a vaccine composition for use in such a method, said composition comprising a dengue antigen of each of serotypes 1 to 4, or a nucleic acid construct capable of expressing in said subject a dengue antigen of each of serotypes 1 to 4; wherein said composition is administered as a primary vaccination, followed by a booster vaccination, and wherein the human subject is initially dengue naïve.