DeNOx Catalyst Regeneration via Steam Decomposition

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing deNOx catalysts face fouling and poisoning due to sulfur-containing compounds and other contaminants, leading to reduced NOx conversion rates, necessitating regeneration methods that often require catalyst removal and high-temperature thermal treatment.

Innovation Solution

A method involving contacting the deNOx catalyst with steam under controlled temperature and steam content conditions, optionally with air, while reducing process gas flow, to decompose and remove ammonium salts and sulfur compounds, thereby restoring NOx conversion rates without the need for catalyst removal or high-temperature treatment.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the deNOx catalyst is regenerated by removing and washing with liquid or thermal treatment at high temperatures (exceeding 400 °C), then the catalyst performance is restored, but the process complexity increases and operational downtime is required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalyst performanceVSAvoidregeneration process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The deNOx catalyst performs self-regeneration by utilizing its own catalytic activity to decompose ammonium salts and sulfur compounds during normal operation. The catalyst regenerates itself without requiring external removal, high-temperature treatment, or liquid washing, thereby maintaining performance while avoiding complex regeneration procedures and operational downtime

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operational parameters by conducting regeneration at lower temperatures (below 400 °C) using the catalyst's inherent catalytic properties rather than external thermal treatment. This parameter change allows in-situ regeneration during normal operation, eliminating the need for complex high-temperature equipment and catalyst removal procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the deNOx catalyst is removed for regeneration, then the catalyst can be washed or thermally treated, but operational downtime increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalyst performanceVSAvoidoperational downtime
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The catalyst remains in the reactor and regenerates itself in-situ during normal operation by utilizing its catalytic activity to decompose contaminants. This self-service approach eliminates the need for catalyst removal and associated operational downtime while maintaining catalyst performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The regeneration process occurs continuously during normal deNOx operation rather than requiring separate downtime periods. The catalyst continuously decomposes ammonium salts and sulfur compounds while maintaining its deNOx function, ensuring uninterrupted operational activity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Reliability

If thermal treatment at high temperatures (exceeding 400 °C) is used for regeneration, then sulfur compounds are removed effectively, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesulfur removal efficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption for regeneration
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the temperature parameter from high-temperature thermal treatment (exceeding 400 °C) to lower temperature catalytic decomposition. This parameter change reduces energy consumption while achieving effective sulfur compound removal through the catalyst's catalytic activity rather than thermal energy input

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the thermal energy-based regeneration mechanism with a catalytic mechanism. Instead of using high-temperature thermal energy to decompose sulfur compounds, the catalyst's chemical catalytic activity is utilized, substituting thermal energy input with catalytic chemical action to achieve the same decomposition effect with lower energy consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively extends catalyst life, reduces downtime, and restores NOx conversion rates to at least 50% of the original level, with sulfur levels reduced to less than 0.6 wt%, allowing continuous operation during regeneration.

Implementation Method 1

contacting the deNOx catalyst with steam under controlled temperature and steam content conditions, optionally with air, while reducing process gas flow, to decompose and remove ammonium salts and sulfur compounds

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDecomposition: Decomposition (biological)

Data Source

PatentEP3515578B1Method of regenerating a denox catalyst
Publication Date: 2023.08.02 SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV
  • EP3515578B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention provides a method for regenerating a deNOX catalyst comprising contacting the catalyst with steam at a temperature in the range of from 250 to 390 °C. The invention further provides a method of reducing the amount of nitrogen oxide components in a process gas stream comprising: a) contacting the process gas with a deNOX catalyst which results in the conversion of nitrogen oxide components as well as a decline in the NOX conversion over the deNOX catalyst; and b) regenerating the deNOX catalyst to improve the NOX conversion by contacting the deNOX catalyst with steam at a temperature in the range of from 250 to 390 °C.