Lithium Battery Electrolyte for Dense Anodes Without Swelling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Densifying the negative electrode in lithium secondary batteries increases the composite density, leading to a thicker battery and reduced lifetime, as more electrolyte is impregnated into the reduced void volume.

Innovation Solution

A lithium secondary battery design that includes a negative electrode with a composite density of at least 1.7 g/cc, using an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and specific additives represented by Formulas 1, 2, and 3, which improve wettability and prevent lithium dendrite precipitation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If the negative electrode is densified to increase composite density, then energy density is improved, but the void volume decreases causing more electrolyte to be impregnated which increases battery thickness

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvenegative electrode composite densityVSAvoidbattery thickness

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing a fluorinated cyclic carbonate component ( Component A) with specific molecular structure characteristics. This component has low polarity and forms a protective film on the negative electrode surface, altering the electrolyte's interaction with the electrode and reducing excessive impregnation while maintaining high composite density (≥1.7 g/cc) without increasing battery thickness

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The electrolyte is formulated as a composite system containing multiple components: a fluorinated cyclic carbonate (Component A), a chain carbonate (Component B), and a cyclic carbonate (Component C) in specific ratios. This composite electrolyte composition works synergistically to control electrolyte distribution, allowing high negative electrode density while preventing excessive electrolyte impregnation that would increase battery thickness

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Quantity of substance

If the negative electrode is densified to increase composite density, then energy density is improved, but the void volume decreases reducing electrolyte accommodation which reduces battery lifetime

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvenegative electrode composite densityVSAvoidbattery lifetime

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the electrolyte's chemical parameters by adding fluorinated cyclic carbonate (Component A) which changes the electrolyte's wettability and impregnation characteristics. This allows the electrolyte to adequately penetrate the densified negative electrode (composite density ≥1.7 g/cc) without being excessively absorbed, ensuring sufficient electrolyte remains for long-term operation and maintaining battery lifetime despite reduced void volume

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The fluorinated cyclic carbonate component acts as an intermediary substance that mediates between the densified negative electrode and the electrolyte. It forms a protective interface layer that regulates electrolyte distribution, ensuring adequate electrolyte access to the high-density electrode structure while preventing excessive impregnation, thus preserving battery lifetime

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively densifies the negative electrode while maintaining battery thickness and extending its lifespan, even at high voltage and temperature conditions.

Implementation Method 1

the electrolyte includes: a lithium salt; a non-aqueous organic solvent; a first additive represented by Formula 1

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 2

specific additives represented by Formulas 1, 2, and 3, which improve wettability

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectWetting: Wetting

Implementation Method 3

a lithium secondary battery is a battery that includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode each including an active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and an electrolyte solution to generate electrical energy by oxidation and reduction reactions

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrochemical reaction: Redox Reactions

Data Source

PatentUS20250038249A1Rechargeable lithium battery

Publication Date: 2025.01.30 SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD

AI summary

A lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material; and an electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode has a composite density of at least 1.7 g/cc, and the electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, a first additive represented by Formula 1, a second additive represented by Formula 2, and a third additive represented by Formula 3: