Density Separation via Cyclic Displacement Body and Synchronous Liquid Supply
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for separating substances by density are inefficient and lack precision, particularly when dealing with inhomogeneous mixtures, as they rely on slow floating processes and are not well-suited for accurate separation of materials with varying densities and sizes.
Innovation Solution
The method involves controlled additional liquid supply to the bath, regulated by pressure and movement of a displacement body, to enhance buoyancy and prevent suction effects, allowing for precise separation of materials by adjusting buoyancy forces and synchronizing liquid supply with the displacement body's movement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a displacement body is used to generate pressure changes and currents in the water bath, then the floating of lighter materials is facilitated, but the process becomes time-consuming and inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies hydraulic principles by using a displacement body that cyclically immerses in and withdraws from the liquid bath, generating pressure changes and currents. This hydraulic action facilitates the floating of lighter materials while maintaining operational efficiency through controlled cyclic movement rather than continuous operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The displacement body performs periodic cyclic immersion and withdrawal movements, creating alternating pressure changes and currents in the liquid bath. This periodic action facilitates material separation by repeatedly enhancing floating conditions without requiring continuous high-energy input, thus improving productivity while maintaining ease of operation.
2Ease of operation
If the displacement body is lifted out of the liquid bath, then it generates suction effect that sucks floated material back to the sieve bottom, but continuous operation is required to maintain separation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by introducing additional liquid into the liquid bath precisely when the displacement body is lifted out. This counteracts the suction effect generated during withdrawal before it can significantly pull floated material back to the sieve bottom, thereby maintaining separation effectiveness while allowing continuous operation.
Solution Approach 2:
Additional liquid acts as an intermediary substance that compensates for the volume displacement caused by the withdrawing displacement body. By supplying this intermediary liquid, the system prevents the formation of strong suction currents that would otherwise draw floated material downward, enabling continuous operation without material loss.
3Productivity
If additional liquid is supplied when the displacement body is immersed, then heavier parts can float up, but the separation precision must be precisely controlled
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the amount of additional liquid supplied based on the immersion depth and speed of the displacement body. By varying liquid supply parameters (volume, timing, rate) in response to changing operational conditions, the system enables heavier parts to float up faster while maintaining precise separation accuracy through controlled parameter adjustment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs feedback control where the operation of the displacement body and the resulting liquid bath conditions inform the adjustment of additional liquid supply. This feedback mechanism ensures that heavier parts can be separated more quickly by increasing liquid supply when needed, while maintaining separation precision by reducing supply when the desired separation is achieved.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables faster and more accurate separation of substances by supporting the floating of lighter materials and preventing sinking of heavier ones, allowing for effective discharge of all fractions, even those with large attack surfaces, thereby improving separation efficiency and accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
a displacement body which is cyclically immersed in the water bath can generate pressure changes and currents in the water bath
Implementation Method 2
lighter material fractions swim to the surface of the water bath
Implementation Method 3
When the displacement body is lifted out of the liquid bath, a suction effect is created that sucks material that has already floated back to the sieve bottom
Implementation Method 4
an amount of additional liquid can be added - depending on the composition of the substance mixture - in order to intensify the upward movement of the liquid generated by the immersing displacement body
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The separation of materials according to their density is carried out in a fluid bath (2) (preferably a water bath) by floating ground light materials and carrying same over an overflow (6), as well as depositing ground heavier materials on a horizontal sieve base (4) within the fluid bath. In order to improve the floating of the lighter materials, a displacement body (3) is cyclically sunk into the fluid bath. The fluid bath is supplied with additional fluid in a synchronous manner with the cyclical movement of the displacement body. A control device (9) for supplying the fluid can also be connected to pressure sensors (11) or the drive of the displacement body.