Dental Composition Allergen-Free Polymerization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional dental impression materials containing acrylic monomers can cause allergic reactions in dental personnel and patients, and they often have limited working time and short setting time, making them undesirable for patients with methacrylate sensitization and difficult to remove from dental surfaces.
Innovation Solution
A dental impression material comprising a polymerizable composition with a compound having repeating units of a specific formula, along with copolymerizable compounds and a polymerization initiator system, which provides a long working time, quick setting time, and superior mechanical properties, refractive index, and viscosity without solvents, and can form an interpenetrating network through radical and cationic polymerization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional dental impression materials containing acrylic monomers are used, then desirable properties such as mechanical strength and curing performance are achieved, but allergic reactions occur in dental personnel and patients with methacrylate sensitization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the harmful acrylic monomer components (methacrylate, ethacrylate, butacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) from the dental impression material formulation while replacing them with alternative polymerizable compounds that do not cause allergic reactions, thus eliminating the harmful factor while preserving the curing function through other monomers and oligomers
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system combining multiple polymerizable compounds (acrylic ester, methacrylic ester, vinyl compound, vinylether compound, vinylester compound) with specific functional groups and molecular weights, forming a complex polymer matrix that achieves both safe composition (no allergens) and desirable curing performance through synergistic effects of different monomers
2Duration of action of moving object
If conventional dental impression materials are formulated with predetermined working and setting times, then acceptable processing windows are achieved, but arbitrarily long working times cannot be maintained while keeping setting time very short
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a dynamic control mechanism for setting time through the use of a polymerization initiator system with specific half-life characteristics and activation conditions. The initiator system allows the material to remain in a stable, workable state for extended periods while enabling rapid transition to curing when activated by specific stimuli (temperature, light, or chemical trigger), thus making the setting time adjustable and controllable rather than fixed
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the polymerization kinetics parameters by selecting monomers with specific functional groups and molecular weights, and by controlling the initiator system's activation conditions. These parameter changes enable the material to achieve both long working time (through suppressed polymerization) and short setting time (through rapid activation) by adjusting environmental conditions such as temperature or light exposure
3Strength
If (meth)acrylate based materials are used to ensure proper material properties, then mechanical strength and refractive index are achieved, but the material sticks to dental surfaces making removal difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces hydrophilic functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, or ammonium groups) at specific locations within the polymer chains to create local areas of enhanced water affinity. This local modification allows the material to maintain overall mechanical strength through the polymer network while creating specific sites that interact with water to reduce adhesion to dental surfaces, facilitating easier removal
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the surface interaction parameters by incorporating hydrophilic functional groups that alter the surface energy and wettability of the cured material. These parameter changes reduce the material's affinity for hydrophobic dental surfaces, thereby reducing adhesion strength and making removal easier while preserving the bulk mechanical properties through the crosslinked polymer network
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material prevents allergic reactions, offers adjustable working and setting times, and maintains superior properties of the cured composition, making it a suitable alternative to methacrylate-based materials for dental impressions and composites.
Implementation Method 1
a polymerizable composition containing a compound having repeating units which are reactive in a radical polymerization
Implementation Method 2
which may be used for the preparation of a dental impression material or a dental composite for providing superior properties including mechanical properties, refractive index, and viscosity even in the absence of solvents
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present invention relates to a dental composition comprising (i) a polymerizable composition containing a compound having repeating units of the following formula (I): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear C1-6 alkyl group, or a branched or cyclic C3-6 alkyl group; L represents a divalent organic linker group which may contain one or more monovalent or divalent organopolysiloxane groups and/or one or more monovalent or divalent perfluorohydrocarbyl groups; n is an integer of at least 1; and (ii) one or more compounds copolymerizable with the compound having repeating units of formula (I); and (iii) a polymerization initiator system.