3D Dental Model Optical Parameter Fitting for Realistic Intraoral Scans
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing intraoral scanners struggle to provide a highly accurate and detailed representation of dental objects, particularly in terms of RGB-color, roughness, absorption, and scattering, which limits the visibility and utility of three-dimensional surface models.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a differentiable renderer that uses path tracing to iteratively adjust optical parameters such as RGB color, roughness, absorption, and scattering based on a loss function, optimizing these parameters through gradient-based optimization to enhance the visibility of dental objects in three-dimensional models.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional rendering methods are used to generate three-dimensional models, then the processing speed is faster, but the accuracy and realism of optical parameters (RGB color, roughness, absorption, scattering) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-calculates and stores optical parameters (RGB color, roughness, absorption, scattering) in a database before actual rendering. When generating three-dimensional models, the system retrieves these pre-computed parameters instead of calculating them in real-time, thus maintaining high accuracy while improving processing speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a simplified copy of the complex optical rendering process by using pre-measured optical parameters from real dental objects. These parameters are stored and reused to generate realistic visual effects without repeating the complex physical measurements and calculations each time a model is rendered.
2Reliability
If detailed optical parameters are captured and processed, then the representation quality of dental features improves, but the data processing complexity and computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the complex optical parameter processing into separate modules: RGB color capture, roughness measurement, absorption analysis, and scattering detection. Each module handles a specific aspect independently, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining comprehensive representation quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediate database that stores pre-processed optical parameters. This intermediary layer separates the complex measurement processes from the rendering operations, allowing detailed parameter capture without directly increasing processing complexity during model generation.
3Measurement precision
If iterative optimization with loss function is applied to adjust optical parameters, then the realism and accuracy of the three-dimensional model improves, but the computation time and processing resources increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-computes optimal optical parameters and stores them in a database before actual rendering operations. This eliminates the need for iterative optimization during model generation, significantly reducing computation time while maintaining high accuracy through the use of pre-optimized parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses pre-measured optical parameters from real dental objects as templates. These copied parameters serve as excellent initial guesses that require minimal iterative adjustment, reducing the number of optimization cycles needed while achieving high realism in the rendered models.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Improves the visibility and accuracy of three-dimensional dental models by refining optical parameters, allowing for better representation of dental features like diffusely scattering, glossy reflection, translucency, and internal dental structures, enhancing diagnostic capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
The differentiable renderer is based on path tracing that traces propagation of light through a scene modelled by rays coming from the camera until reaching a light source
Data Source
AI summary
A method for determining a plurality of final optical parameters of a dental object in an intraoral cavity includes receiving a plurality of two-dimensional images of the dental object, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the dental object based on the plurality of two-dimensional images, determining camera positions of the plurality of two-dimensional images relative to the three-dimensional model, and receiving a plurality of optical parameters. The method may further include determining in an iterative manner: a plurality of simulated two-dimensional images of the dental object by inputting the plurality of optical parameters and the camera positions to a differentiable renderer, and multiple loss-values based on a loss function between the plurality of simulated two-dimensional images and the received plurality of two-dimensional images by adjusting the plurality of optical parameters.