Dental Composition Using Step-Growth Polymerization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dental compositions for root canal sealing and pulp capping face challenges in achieving mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and light-independent curing without using bisphenol A-based materials, which are known irritants and endocrine disruptors, and struggle with dispersion stability and dimensional changes during curing.
Innovation Solution
A dental composition comprising radioopaque particulate fillers and a polymerizable compound with primary and secondary amino groups and thiol groups, undergoing step-growth polymerization based on 1,3-dioxolane-2-one or 2,3-carbonatopropyl groups, which replaces bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, offering improved mechanical properties, low viscosity, and minimal dimensional changes during curing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If bisphenol A based materials are used, then favorable mechanical properties and low viscosity are achieved, but biocompatibility and safety concerns arise due to irritant and endocrine disruptor properties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing bisphenol A-based epoxide precursors with alternative polymerizable compounds containing different functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, isocyanate, thiocyanate, or cyanate groups). This substitution maintains the desired mechanical properties and low viscosity while eliminating the harmful endocrine disruptor properties of bisphenol A, thus resolving the contradiction between strength and biocompatibility
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite dental composition by combining radioopaque particulate fillers with the alternative polymerizable compound system. This composite approach achieves both the mechanical strength required for dental applications and improved biocompatibility, as the alternative polymerizable compounds provide favorable mechanical properties without the harmful effects of bisphenol A
2Reliability
If radioopaque particulate fillers are added to improve radioopacity, then high density filler is incorporated, but dispersion stability decreases due to high density and low viscosity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the viscosity parameter of the curable matrix by using alternative polymerizable compounds that provide low viscosity while maintaining stability. This allows the high density radioopaque particulate fillers to remain dispersed without settling, thus resolving the contradiction between achieving high radioopacity through dense fillers and maintaining dispersion stability in the low viscosity matrix
3Ease of operation
If thermal curing mechanism is used to cure in absence of light, then curing without light is achieved, but dimensional changes occur during curing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the polymerization chemistry from traditional epoxide systems to alternative polymerizable compounds with specific functional groups that undergo step-growth polymerization. This chemical parameter change results in reduced dimensional changes during thermal curing while maintaining the ability to cure in the absence of light, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and manufacturing precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition provides a biocompatible, cost-efficient, and industrially scalable solution with enhanced adhesion to the root canal wall, maintaining mechanical properties and stability while avoiding the drawbacks of bisphenol A-based materials.
Implementation Method 1
a compound polymerizable with a monomer having at least two groups selected from primary and secondary amino groups and thiol groups in a step-growth polymerization reaction
Data Source
AI summary
Dental composition selected from a root canal sealing composition and a pulp capping composition, comprising: (a) a radioopaque particulate filler; (b) a monomer having at least two groups selected from primary and secondary amino groups and thiol groups; and (c) a compound polymerizable with the monomer (b) in a step-growth polymerization reaction based on at least two groups selected from the following formula (A) and (B) attached to or connected by one or more organic groups: wherein R6, R7 R8, R10 and R11 which are independent from each other, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group.