Surface-Functionalized Fillers for Dental Adhesion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dental materials often lack optimal adhesion to hard tooth structures such as enamel and dentin, which affects their mechanical properties and performance.
Innovation Solution
Surface-functionalized fillers with specific polymerizable groups, such as those derived from silanes with aldehyde, acid, or phosphonic acid functionalities, are incorporated into dental materials to enhance adhesion by forming covalent bonds with hydroxyapatite and collagen, improving shear bond strength.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional fillers are used in dental materials, then mechanical reinforcement is achieved, but adhesion to hard tooth structures is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The filler particles are surface-functionalized with specific chemical groups (aldehyde, carboxylic acid, phosphonic acid, or sulfonic acid groups) to create local chemical reactivity at the filler surface. This local quality enhancement enables covalent bonding with hydroxyapatite and collagen in hard tooth structures, resolving the adhesion problem while maintaining the bulk mechanical reinforcement properties of the fillers
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite filler structure consisting of an inorganic filler core (providing mechanical reinforcement) combined with surface-functionalized groups (providing chemical adhesion). This composite approach integrates both mechanical strength and chemical bonding capabilities within a single filler system, simultaneously addressing both requirements
2Reliability
If polymerizable monomers are added to improve adhesion, then bonding to hydroxyapatite or collagen is enhanced, but material complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the adhesion function and reinforcement function into a single filler component by surface-functionalizing the filler particles with polymerizable groups. This eliminates the need for separate polymerizable monomers that would otherwise be required to achieve adhesion, thereby reducing material complexity while maintaining or enhancing bonding performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of surface-functionalized fillers significantly enhances the adhesion of dental materials to tooth enamel and dentin, leading to improved mechanical properties and performance, particularly in terms of shear bond strength.
Implementation Method 1
surface-functionalized fillers with specific polymerizable groups, such as those derived from silanes with aldehyde, acid, or phosphonic acid functionalities, are incorporated into dental materials to enhance adhesion by forming covalent bonds with hydroxyapatite and collagen
Implementation Method 2
WO 03/070198 describes dental adhesive compositions with nanoparticles obtained by hydrolysis of mixtures containing organosilicon compounds with polymerizable groups
Data Source
AI summary
Polymerizable composition comprises at least one surface functionalized filler containing silane group (I). Polymerizable composition comprises at least one surface functionalized filler containing silane group of formula ((A) a-Z-Y 1>-R 2>-SiR 1> 3 - m-(O-) m) (I), where the oxygen atom bonded at silicon atom is connected with the filler. R 1>1-15C-alkyl, 2-5C-alkenyl or phenyl; R 2>1-6C-alkylene; Y 1>an ether-, thioether-, amide-, ester- or urethane- group; Z : at least a bivalent 2-40C-aliphatic residue, which can be interrupted by one or more ether-, thioether-, amide- or ester- groups and contains one or more at least 3C-cycloaliphatic groups and/or one or more at least 6C-aromatic groups, at least a bivalent 3C-cycloaliphatic residue or at least a bivalent 6C-aromatic residue; A : COOH, P(O)(OH) 2, O-P(O)(OH) 2, SO 2OH, C(O)-O-C(O), CHO, NHC(O)-CHO, C(O)-CHO, C(O)-CH 2-C(O)-CH 3, N=C=O, or O-C(O)-CH 2-C(O)-CH 3; a : 1-6; and m : 1-3. Where: R 2>and Z are absent, when Y 1>is absent; and a is 1, when Z is absent. Independent claims are included for: (1) the surface functionalized filler with (I); and (2) the preparation of the polymerizable composition or surface functionalized filler comprising mixing filler with at least a silane compound and further mixing the obtained surface functionalized filler with the further components of the composition.