Decoctosome Nanoparticles for Oral Small RNA Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for delivering nucleic acids, such as small RNAs from herbal medicines, are inefficient and lack effective mechanisms for targeted delivery and stability.
Innovation Solution
The development of a method to extract active compositions from herbal medicines using solvents and differential centrifugation, resulting in nanoparticulate decoctosomes with a double-layer membrane structure, which can be orally administered. Additionally, heating nucleic acids with lipids enhances their stability and delivery efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If small RNAs from herbal medicines are delivered using conventional methods, then delivery efficiency is poor, but the complexity of the delivery system is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses exosome-like nanoparticles as intermediary carriers to deliver small RNAs from herbal medicines to target cells. These nanoparticles naturally protect and transport the small RNAs, improving delivery efficiency without requiring complex external delivery systems. The exosomes act as a natural mediator that bridges the small RNAs and target cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs heating treatment to change the physical state and enhance the stability of small RNAs during delivery. By controlling temperature parameters, the small RNAs are heated to promote their insertion into lipid membranes and increase their stability, thereby improving delivery efficiency through parameter optimization rather than system complexity.
2Stability of the object's composition
If small RNAs are delivered by intravenous injection in nanoparticle form, then delivery stability is improved, but the ease of administration deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses exosome-like nanoparticles as natural intermediary carriers that provide both stability and ease of administration. These exosomes naturally protect small RNAs from degradation while enabling oral administration, eliminating the need for intravenous injection. The exosomes serve as a dual-function mediator that simultaneously provides stability and simplifies administration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical intravenous injection system with an oral administration system using exosome carriers. By substituting the injection mechanism with orally administrable exosome-small RNA complexes, the patent achieves both stability (through exosome protection) and ease of administration (through oral route), eliminating the need for needle-based delivery.
3Stability of the object's composition
If heating is applied to nucleic acids and lipids, then stability and embedding efficiency are improved, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs controlled heating to induce phase transitions in lipid membranes, promoting the insertion and embedding of small RNAs into the lipid bilayer. By utilizing the natural phase transition properties of lipids at specific temperatures, the patent achieves enhanced stability and embedding efficiency with minimal energy input, rather than requiring continuous high-energy processing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the efficient oral delivery of small RNAs, reducing inflammatory factors and treating related diseases by effectively targeting specific genes and tissues.
Implementation Method 1
preparing the herbal medicine extract using a solvent followed by differential centrifugation
Implementation Method 2
heating nucleic acids, especially small RNAs and lipids, can promote the insertion of nucleic acids into the lipid layer and increase the stability of the process of embedding of nucleic acids in the lipid membrane
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for preparing bencaosome comprising the steps of: mixing one or more lipid components with any one or more of the following: nucleic acid, compound and macromolecules, and treating the obtained mixture by heating. Also provided is a method for extracting decoctosome from plants comprising the steps of: preparing an extract of the plant with a solvent; performing differential centrifugation to the extract; resuspending the precipitates with an aqueous solution to provide the decoctosome.