Depth Map Generator Using Addressable LED Array for Structured Light
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing depth map generation methods for applications like 3D face recognition and augmented reality are limited by the need for expensive optical elements and additional light sources, which increase manufacturing costs and reduce accuracy, especially in space-constrained devices like smartphones.
Innovation Solution
A depth map generator with an array of individually addressable semiconductor emitters or reflectors, coupled with image sensors and a processing unit, allows for dynamic creation of structured light patterns without expensive optical elements, enabling efficient and accurate depth map calculation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If an optical element is used to create a structured light pattern from light emitted by an array of LEDs or VCSELs, then a depth map can be generated, but the manufacturing cost increases due to the need for precise manufacturing of small scale optical elements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the optical element from the system entirely. Instead of using an optical element to create the structured light pattern, the invention directly projects light from the LED array to form the illumination pattern, eliminating the need for expensive, precision-manufactured optical components while maintaining depth mapping capability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces expensive optical elements with a simpler, more cost-effective LED array configuration that can be manufactured at lower cost. The system uses software-controlled light projection patterns instead of physical optical components, reducing manufacturing complexity and cost
2Measurement precision
If a single camera is used in combination with projected structured light, then a depth map can be obtained, but additional light sources and optical elements are required which increase device complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the illumination function and the depth mapping function into a single integrated system. The LED array serves both as the light source for illumination and as the structured light projector for depth mapping, eliminating the need for separate optical elements and reducing overall system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The LED array is designed to perform multiple functions: it provides general scene illumination and simultaneously creates structured light patterns for depth mapping. This multi-functionality reduces the number of components needed and simplifies the overall system architecture
3Measurement precision
If an optical element is used to create structured light patterns, then depth mapping is enabled, but light absorption occurs which reduces system efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the light-absorbing optical element from the light path. By projecting light directly from the LED array without passing through optical elements, the system eliminates light absorption losses and maximizes the efficiency of the illumination system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces manufacturing costs and improves accuracy by allowing flexible illumination patterns tailored to the scene, suitable for various applications including smartphones and automotive systems, while minimizing light absorption and enhancing precision in depth mapping.
Implementation Method 1
The depth map generator (1) comprises an array of a plurality of individually addressable array elements. An array element can be a semiconductor emitter
Implementation Method 2
a number of image sensors, wherein an image sensor is arranged to detect light reflected from a scene or target illuminated by the illumination pattern
Implementation Method 3
an array element can be a reflector arranged to reflect light emitted by a semiconductor emitter
Data Source
AI summary
The invention describes a depth map generator comprising an array comprising a plurality of individually addressable array elements, wherein an array element comprises a semiconductor emitter or a reflector arranged to reflect light emitted by a semiconductor emitter; a driver realised to switch an array element according to a predefined illumination pattern; a number of image sensors, wherein an image sensor is arranged to detect light reflected from a scene irradiated by the irradiation pattern; and a processing unit realised to compute a depth map of the scene on the basis of a light pattern detected by an image sensor. The invention further describes an irradiation arrangement for use in such a depth map generator; a method of generating a depth map of a scene; and a device comprising such a depth map generator.